| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Solvent Yellow 16 does not have a specific biological target, as it is primarily used as a dye and colorant. In biological research, dyes are often used as tools to stain cells, tissues, or biomolecules for visualization and detection. However, Solvent Yellow 16 itself is not designed to interact with a specific receptor or enzyme. Its primary function is to provide color, and its interactions with biological systems are generally non-specific. The compound's logP value of 5.22 at 23°C and pH 7 indicates that it is highly lipophilic, which may influence its distribution and potential accumulation in biological tissues.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Solvent Yellow 16 is not typically used in biological activity assays due to its role as a dye. However, it may be used in staining protocols to visualize certain cellular components or structures. Dyes like Solvent Yellow 16 can be employed to evaluate cell functions, distinguish cell types, or detect biomolecules. Its bright yellow color and high solubility in organic solvents make it suitable for use in histological and cytological applications. The compound's ability to dissolve in lipids may also allow it to stain lipid-rich structures.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Solvent Yellow 16 is not used as a therapeutic agent; it is primarily an industrial and cosmetic colorant. However, as a cosmetic ingredient, it may come into contact with the skin or be ingested in small amounts. The compound's high logP value suggests that it may have the potential to accumulate in adipose tissue if absorbed. Due to its widespread use, the safety of Solvent Yellow 16 in cosmetics and consumer products has been evaluated by regulatory agencies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays are not applicable to Solvent Yellow 16, as it is not a pharmacologically active compound. However, its physicochemical properties, such as solubility and logP, can be determined using standard protocols. Solubility is measured by adding excess dye to a solvent and determining the concentration of the dissolved compound using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The logP value is determined using the shake-flask method or calculated using computational models. These properties are important for understanding the compound's behavior in various applications.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular experiments are not typically performed with Solvent Yellow 16, as it is not a biologically active compound. However, its potential cytotoxicity may be assessed using cell viability assays such as MTT or Alamar Blue. Cells are exposed to varying concentrations of the dye for 24-72 hours, and cell viability is measured. The IC50 value, if any, would indicate the concentration at which the dye reduces cell viability by 50%. Such studies are important for evaluating the safety of the compound in consumer products.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies are not typically conducted with Solvent Yellow 16, as it is not a therapeutic agent. However, the safety of the compound as a cosmetic ingredient may be evaluated in dermal toxicity studies. In such studies, the dye is applied to the skin of animals, and the site is monitored for signs of irritation or sensitization. Systemic toxicity may also be assessed by administering the compound orally or intravenously and monitoring for adverse effects. These studies are conducted according to regulatory guidelines for cosmetic ingredients.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not typically studied for Solvent Yellow 16, as it is not a therapeutic agent. However, if absorbed, the compound's high lipophilicity (logP 5.22) would suggest extensive tissue distribution and potential accumulation in adipose tissue. Metabolism would likely involve cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation, and excretion would occur via the biliary and renal routes. The compound's high molecular weight (278.31 g/mol) would limit its ability to cross biological membranes by passive diffusion. These properties are relevant for assessing the compound's safety and potential for bioaccumulation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity of Solvent Yellow 16 has been evaluated in the context of its use as a cosmetic and industrial dye. The compound is generally considered to have low acute toxicity. However, some azo dyes are known to be metabolized to aromatic amines, which may be carcinogenic. The safety of Solvent Yellow 16 in cosmetics has been reviewed by regulatory agencies, and it is permitted for use in certain products at specified concentrations. The compound may cause skin or eye irritation upon direct contact. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Solvent Yellow 16 is a widely used synthetic azo dye that imparts a bright yellow color to textiles, plastics, printing inks, and cosmetics. Its high solubility in organic solvents and good stability make it a versatile colorant. As a cosmetic ingredient, it is used in products such as eye shadow, lipstick, and blush. The compound's safety in cosmetics has been evaluated by regulatory agencies, and it is permitted for use at specified concentrations. Its high lipophilicity (logP 5.22) suggests potential for bioaccumulation, which is an important consideration for its environmental and health impact.
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| Molecular Formula |
C16H14N4O
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
278.31
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| Exact Mass |
278.117
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| CAS # |
4314-14-1
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| PubChem CID |
107537
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| Appearance |
Orange to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.23
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| Boiling Point |
459.1ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
155ºC
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| Flash Point |
231.5ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.649
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| LogP |
3.062
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
434
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
XCKGFJPFEHHHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H14N4O/c1-12-15(18-17-13-8-4-2-5-9-13)16(21)20(19-12)14-10-6-3-7-11-14/h2-11,15H,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
5-methyl-2-phenyl-4-phenyldiazenyl-4H-pyrazol-3-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~10.42 mg/mL (~37.44 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.04 mg/mL (3.74 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.4 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.5931 mL | 17.9656 mL | 35.9312 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7186 mL | 3.5931 mL | 7.1862 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3593 mL | 1.7966 mL | 3.5931 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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