| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
SCH-442416 targets the adenosine A2A receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor that is highly expressed in the striatum and other brain regions. A2A receptors are involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release, motor function, and neuroinflammation. By acting as a potent and selective antagonist at the A2A receptor, SCH-442416 blocks the effects of endogenous adenosine, which is a neuromodulator. The compound exhibits Ki values of 0.048 nM for the human A2A receptor and 0.5 nM for the rat A2A receptor, with >23,000-fold selectivity over A1 and low affinity for A2B and A3.
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| ln Vitro |
In rat striatal membranes, SCH442416 is more selective for A2AR (Ki=0.50 nM) than for A1R and A3R (Ki 1815 and >10000, respectively) [1]. In Müller cells, SCH442416 (0.1-10 μM) increases the expression of the proteins glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) in group 1 μM [5].
In vitro, SCH-442416 functions as a potent and selective antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor. Its high binding affinity (Ki = 0.048 nM for human A2AR) and >23,000-fold selectivity over A1 make it a valuable tool for studying A2A receptor function. The compound's low affinity for A2B and A3 receptors (IC50 > 10 μM) further confirms its selectivity. In vitro studies using radioligand binding assays and functional assays demonstrate the compound's ability to block A2A receptor-mediated signaling. |
| ln Vivo |
SCH-442416 (0.017 mg/kg; i.p.) totally reversed CGS-21680-induced reduction in skeletal muscle damage [3]. Rats' expression of the GS and GLAST proteins is elevated by SCH-442416 (1 μM·2μL; iv) [5]. Adenosine-induced dilation is greatly attenuated (from 15.3 μm to 5.6 μm) by SCH442416 (1 μM) [4].
In vivo, SCH-442416 is brain-penetrant, making it suitable for studying central nervous system functions of the A2A receptor. Although specific in vivo efficacy data are limited in the available literature, the compound's high affinity and selectivity for A2AR suggest potential applications in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and other neurological disorders where A2A receptors play a role. SCH-442416 is used as a research tool to investigate the physiological and pathological roles of A2A receptors in the brain. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme/receptor binding (non-cellular) assays for SCH-442416 are radioligand binding assays using membrane preparations from cells expressing recombinant human or rat A2A receptors, as well as A1, A2B, and A3 receptors. The compound's binding affinity (Ki) is determined by its ability to displace a labeled A2A receptor ligand such as [3H]ZM241385. Competition binding assays are performed to calculate Ki values for all adenosine receptor subtypes to confirm selectivity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for SCH-442416 are performed using cell lines expressing recombinant adenosine receptors. The compound's antagonist activity is assessed by measuring its ability to inhibit A2A receptor-mediated signaling, such as cAMP accumulation (since A2A receptors are Gs-coupled and stimulate adenylyl cyclase). Cells are treated with SCH-442416 in the presence of an A2A receptor agonist, and the inhibition of agonist-stimulated cAMP production is measured. These assays confirm the functional antagonism of SCH-442416 at A2A receptors.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for SCH-442416 are conducted in rodent models to study A2A receptor function. The compound is typically administered via intraperitoneal or oral routes, and its effects on behavior, motor function, or neuroinflammation are assessed. Specific studies may include evaluation of its effects in models of Parkinson's disease, where A2A receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in improving motor function. The compound's brain penetration is confirmed by measuring drug concentrations in brain tissue.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
SCH-442416 has a molecular weight of 389.41 g/mol and a molecular formula of C20H19N7O2. The compound is brain-penetrant, indicating that it crosses the blood-brain barrier. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters such as half-life, Cmax, and bioavailability are not extensively reported in the available literature. However, the compound's brain penetration and in vivo activity suggest adequate systemic exposure and distribution to the central nervous system.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
SCH-442416 has not been extensively characterized in toxicology studies. As a research compound, it is not intended for human use. Standard toxicology studies would be necessary to assess its safety profile. The compound's high selectivity for A2A receptors suggests a reduced risk of off-target effects, but comprehensive toxicity testing would be required for clinical development. No significant toxicity has been reported in the available literature.
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| References |
[1]. Todde S, et, al. Design, radiosynthesis, and biodistribution of a new potent and selective ligand for in vivo imaging of the adenosine A(2A) receptor system using positron emission tomography. J Med Chem. 2000 Nov 16;43(23):4359-62.
[2]. Moresco RM, et, al. In vivo imaging of adenosine A2A receptors in rat and primate brain using [11C]SCH442416. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2005 Apr;32(4):405-13. [3]. Zheng J, et, al. Protective roles of adenosine A1, A2A, and A3 receptors in skeletal muscle ischemia and reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Dec;293(6):H3685-91. [4]. Maimon N, et, al. Pre-exposure to adenosine, acting via A(2A) receptors on endothelial cells, alters the protein kinase A dependence of adenosine-induced dilation in skeletal muscle resistance arterioles. J Physiol. 2014 Jun 15;592(12):2575-90. [5]. Yu J, et, al. A 2A R Antagonists Upregulate Expression of GS and GLAST in Rat Hypoxia Model. Biomed Res Int. 2020 Oct 26;2020:2054293. |
| Additional Infomation |
LSM-3027 belongs to the triazolopyrimidine class of compounds.
SCH-442416 is a potent, selective, and brain-penetrant antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor. It exhibits Ki values of 0.048 nM for human A2AR and 0.5 nM for rat A2AR, with >23,000-fold selectivity over A1 and low affinity for A2B and A3. The compound is used as a research tool to study the role of A2A receptors in neurological and psychiatric disorders. SCH-442416 is not an approved drug but is a valuable tool for target validation and drug discovery in the central nervous system. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H19N7O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
389.42
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| Exact Mass |
389.16
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| CAS # |
316173-57-6
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| PubChem CID |
10668061
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.752
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| LogP |
2.75
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
547
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
COC1=CC=C(CCCN2C3=C(C=N2)C4=NC(=NN4C(=N)N3)C5=CC=CO5)C=C1
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| InChi Key |
AEULVFLPCJOBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H19N7O2/c1-28-14-8-6-13(7-9-14)4-2-10-26-18-15(12-22-26)19-23-17(16-5-3-11-29-16)25-27(19)20(21)24-18/h3,5-9,11-12H,2,4,10H2,1H3,(H2,21,24)
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| Chemical Name |
4-(furan-2-yl)-10-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl]-3,5,6,8,10,11-hexazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodeca-1(9),2,4,7,11-pentaen-7-amine
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| Synonyms |
SCH442416; SCH 442416; SCH-442416
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~62.5 mg/mL (~160.50 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 0.2 mg/mL (0.51 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 2.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.2 mg/mL (0.51 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 2.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5679 mL | 12.8396 mL | 25.6792 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5136 mL | 2.5679 mL | 5.1358 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2568 mL | 1.2840 mL | 2.5679 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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