| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| 25mg |
|
||
| 50mg |
|
||
| 100mg |
|
||
| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Sakuranetin targets various enzymes and signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. It inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Sakuranetin also activates Nrf2, leading to increased expression of antioxidant enzymes. It modulates NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, suppressing the release of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Additionally, sakuranetin inhibits tyrosinase activity and has antifungal effects.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, sakuranetin exhibits potent antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH radicals and reducing lipid peroxidation. It suppresses LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with an IC50 of approximately 20 μM. Sakuranetin also reduces the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in stimulated immune cells. Its anticancer activity has been demonstrated against various cancer cell lines, including breast, colon, and lung cancer cells, where it induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, sakuranetin has shown anti-inflammatory effects in animal models of acute inflammation, such as carrageenan-induced paw edema, where it significantly reduces swelling. It also exhibits hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice, lowering serum transaminase levels and improving histopathology. In a model of allergic airway inflammation, sakuranetin reduced eosinophil infiltration and mucus production. Its anticancer efficacy has been observed in xenograft models, where it inhibits tumor growth.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for sakuranetin include enzyme inhibition assays for iNOS, COX-2, and tyrosinase. For iNOS, the enzyme is incubated with its substrate L-arginine and cofactors, and nitrite production is measured. For COX-2, prostaglandin synthesis is quantified. Tyrosinase activity is assessed by measuring dopachrome formation. The IC50 values for inhibition are determined from dose-response curves. Antioxidant activity is evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for sakuranetin are performed using macrophages (RAW 264.7) or other immune cells. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of sakuranetin and stimulated with LPS. Nitric oxide production is measured by the Griess method. Cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6) are quantified by ELISA. NF-κB activation is assessed by Western blotting for p65 nuclear translocation. Cell viability is determined by MTT assay. For anticancer studies, cancer cells are treated, and apoptosis is evaluated by annexin V staining and caspase activity assays.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for sakuranetin are conducted in rodent models of inflammation, liver injury, and cancer. In the paw edema model, rats are given sakuranetin orally or intraperitoneally, and paw volume is measured. For hepatoprotection, mice are pretreated with sakuranetin before CCl4 injection, and blood and liver samples are collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. In xenograft models, mice bearing tumor xenografts receive sakuranetin daily, and tumor growth is monitored.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sakuranetin has a molecular weight of 286.28 g/mol and a molecular formula of C16H14O5. It is a yellow crystalline solid, soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and DMSO, but poorly soluble in water. Its logP value indicates moderate lipophilicity. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats show that sakuranetin has an oral bioavailability of about 20-30%, with a half-life of approximately 2 hours. It is extensively metabolized in the liver via glucuronidation and sulfation, and excreted in urine and bile.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of sakuranetin has not been extensively investigated, but it is generally considered safe at concentrations used in research. In acute toxicity studies in mice, oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg showed no mortality or significant adverse effects. However, high doses may cause mild gastrointestinal disturbances. Chronic toxicity studies are lacking. Sakuranetin shows low cytotoxicity in normal cell lines, indicating a favorable selectivity index for cancer cells.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Sakuranetin is a flavonoid phytoalexin, a compound formed by replacing the 7-hydroxyl group of (S)-naringin with a methoxy group. It is both an antibacterial drug and a plant metabolite. Sakuranetin is a dihydroxyflavanone, a monomethoxyflavanone, and a flavonoid phytoalexin, belonging to the 4'-hydroxyflavanone class of compounds, and is also a (2S)-flavan-4-one. Its function is related to (S)-naringin. It has been reported that Sakuranetin exists in Amorphophallus purpurascens, Populus szechuanica, and other organisms with relevant data.
Sakuranetin is a natural flavonoid with promising pharmacological activities, particularly anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. It is found in various plants and has been used in traditional medicine. Its mechanism involves inhibition of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB, as well as activation of Nrf2. Sakuranetin is not an approved drug but serves as a lead compound for drug development. Further studies are needed to improve its bioavailability and to evaluate its clinical efficacy. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H14O5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
286.28
|
| Exact Mass |
286.084
|
| CAS # |
2957-21-3
|
| PubChem CID |
73571
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
555.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
153-154ºC
|
| Flash Point |
212.4±23.6 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.638
|
| LogP |
3.37
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
21
|
| Complexity |
377
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
COC1=CC(=C2C(=O)C[C@H](OC2=C1)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
DJOJDHGQRNZXQQ-AWEZNQCLSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H14O5/c1-20-11-6-12(18)16-13(19)8-14(21-15(16)7-11)9-2-4-10(17)5-3-9/h2-7,14,17-18H,8H2,1H3/t14-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 125 mg/mL (~436.64 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.27 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.27 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.27 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4931 mL | 17.4654 mL | 34.9308 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6986 mL | 3.4931 mL | 6.9862 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3493 mL | 1.7465 mL | 3.4931 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
COA