| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Saikosaponin G does not have a specific drug target but acts through multiple mechanisms. It modulates various signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways. The compound has immunomodulatory effects by regulating the activity of immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells. It also has hepatoprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver. Saikosaponin G inhibits the growth of various cancer cells.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Saikosaponin G demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, and NO. It has immunomodulatory effects by regulating immune cell function and cytokine production. The compound exhibits hepatoprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and liver enzyme levels. Saikosaponin G also shows anticancer activity by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in various cancer cell lines.
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| ln Vivo |
Saikosaponin G has been studied in various in vivo models. In rodents, administration of saikosaponin G has been shown to reduce inflammation, protect the liver from injury, and inhibit tumor growth. The compound has also been shown to modulate immune responses in models of autoimmune diseases and allergic reactions. Its effects are dose-dependent and mediated through its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro assay for saikosaponin G typically involves measuring its effects on immune cell function, inflammation, and cell viability. The compound is tested in cultured immune cells (e.g., macrophages, lymphocytes) or cancer cell lines. Parameters such as cytokine production, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell viability are measured using ELISA, flow cytometry, or MTT assays. The compound's antioxidant activity is also assessed using standard assays.
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| Cell Assay |
The in vitro cellular assay for saikosaponin G typically involves culturing cell lines such as macrophages, hepatocytes, or cancer cells and treating them with varying concentrations of the compound. Cellular responses such as inflammatory cytokine secretion, oxidative stress markers, cell viability, and apoptosis are measured. The compound's effects on signaling pathways such as NF-κB and MAPK are assessed using Western blotting or reporter gene assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for saikosaponin G typically involve the administration of the compound to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Parameters such as inflammatory markers, liver function tests, and tumor growth are assessed. The compound's effects on various disease models (e.g., liver injury, inflammation, or cancer) are evaluated. The compound is generally well tolerated at moderate doses.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Saikosaponin G has a molecular weight of approximately 944.0 g/mol and a molecular formula of C48H78O17. It is a glycosylated triterpenoid with limited oral bioavailability. The compound is metabolized in the liver and has a short half-life. It is soluble in organic solvents and can be formulated for research use. Further detailed PK parameters are available from the manufacturer's data sheets.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Saikosaponin G is a naturally occurring triterpenoid saponin and is generally well tolerated at moderate doses. However, high doses may cause gastrointestinal irritation or hemolysis. The compound is intended for research use only and should be handled with appropriate laboratory safety precautions. Standard safety assessments would be required before any clinical application.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Saikosaponin G is a triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of Bupleurum species, which are used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is one of the major bioactive components of Bupleurum and has been studied for its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, and anticancer effects. The compound is primarily used in research to study the pharmacological effects of Bupleurum-derived compounds. It has not yet entered clinical trials and is strictly for preclinical research purposes.
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| Molecular Formula |
C26H38O9
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
494.57452
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| Exact Mass |
780.466
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| CAS # |
99365-19-2
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| PubChem CID |
101826550
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.35±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
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| Boiling Point |
903.5±65.0 °C(Predicted)
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| LogP |
1.68
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
55
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| Complexity |
1500
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
19
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@H]2CC[C@]3([C@H]([C@]2(C)CO)CC[C@@]4(C3=CC=C5[C@]4(C[C@@H]([C@@]6([C@H]5CC(CC6)(C)C)CO)O)C)C)C)O)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
UFEGAVYKHITZAC-RUCQNWDKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C42H68O13/c1-21-29(47)34(55-35-32(50)31(49)30(48)24(18-43)53-35)33(51)36(52-21)54-28-11-12-38(4)25(39(28,5)19-44)10-13-40(6)26(38)9-8-22-23-16-37(2,3)14-15-42(23,20-45)27(46)17-41(22,40)7/h8-9,21,23-25,27-36,43-51H,10-20H2,1-7H3/t21-,23+,24-,25-,27+,28+,29+,30-,31+,32-,33-,34+,35+,36+,38+,39+,40-,41-,42-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,4R,4aR,6aS,6bR,8S,8aS,12aS,14bS)-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a-dodecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~64.02 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.60 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.60 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.60 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0220 mL | 10.1098 mL | 20.2196 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4044 mL | 2.0220 mL | 4.0439 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2022 mL | 1.0110 mL | 2.0220 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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