| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Quillaic acid targets immune cells and receptors, acting as an immunostimulant and adjuvant. It interacts with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and activates the innate immune system, promoting antigen presentation and antibody production. It also has membrane-active properties due to its saponin structure.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Quillaic acid exhibits adjuvant activity, enhancing the immune response to co-administered antigens. It also has hemolytic activity due to its ability to interact with cholesterol in cell membranes. It may have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties as well.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Quillaic acid (as part of Quillaja saponins) is used as a vaccine adjuvant, enhancing the immunogenicity of vaccines. It activates the immune system and promotes both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. It is a component of the QS-21 adjuvant used in some vaccines.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for Quillaic acid are limited. As a saponin, its interaction with cholesterol in membranes can be studied using model membrane systems (liposomes). Binding to immune receptors (e.g., TLRs) can be assessed using surface plasmon resonance or ELISA-based binding assays.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Quillaic acid use immune cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, or lymphocytes. Cells are treated with the compound, and activation markers (CD80, CD86, MHC class II), cytokine production (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ), and proliferation are measured by flow cytometry, ELISA, or proliferation assays. Hemolytic activity is assessed using red blood cells.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Quillaic acid involve vaccine studies where the compound is administered as an adjuvant with antigens. Animals are immunized, and antibody titers, T-cell responses, and protection against challenge are assessed. Toxicology studies evaluate local and systemic reactions to the adjuvant.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Quillaic acid has a molecular weight of approximately 486.69 g/mol. As a triterpenoid saponin aglycone, it is lipophilic and poorly water-soluble. Its pharmacokinetics are studied primarily in the context of vaccine adjuvants, where it is formulated with antigens and administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Quillaic acid has hemolytic activity and can cause local irritation at injection sites when used as a vaccine adjuvant. Systemic toxicity is dose-dependent; at high doses, it can cause hemolysis and other adverse effects. It is generally well-tolerated at the low doses used in vaccines.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Quillaic is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound with the structure oleanolic-12-ene, substituted with hydroxyl groups at positions 3 and 16, a carbonyl group at position 23, and a carboxyl group at position 28 (3β,16α stereoisomer). It possesses anti-inflammatory activity and is also a metabolite. Quillaic is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid, and an aldehyde. It is the conjugate acid of Quillaic. It is derived from the hydride of oleanolic acid. Quillaic has been reported to exist in Silene firma, Psammosilene tunicoides, and other organisms with relevant data.
Quillaic acid is the aglycone of Quillaja saponins and is used as a vaccine adjuvant and in research applications. It is a component of QS-21, a potent adjuvant used in certain vaccines. It is also used in food and cosmetic industries as an emulsifier and foaming agent. Not approved as a therapeutic drug. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H46O5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
486.6832
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| Exact Mass |
486.334
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| CAS # |
631-01-6
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| PubChem CID |
101810
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
613.3±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
294℃
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| Flash Point |
338.7±28.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.575
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| LogP |
6.08
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
35
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| Complexity |
970
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
10
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CC[C@@H]([C@@]([C@@H]1CC[C@@]3([C@@H]2CC=C4[C@]3(C[C@H]([C@@]5([C@H]4CC(CC5)(C)C)C(=O)O)O)C)C)(C)C=O)O
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| InChi Key |
MQUFAARYGOUYEV-UAWZMHPWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H46O5/c1-25(2)13-14-30(24(34)35)19(15-25)18-7-8-21-26(3)11-10-22(32)27(4,17-31)20(26)9-12-28(21,5)29(18,6)16-23(30)33/h7,17,19-23,32-33H,8-16H2,1-6H3,(H,34,35)/t19-,20+,21+,22-,23+,26-,27-,28+,29+,30+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4aR,5R,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9S,10S,12aR,14bS)-9-formyl-5,10-dihydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 41 mg/mL (~84.24 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (5.14 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0547 mL | 10.2737 mL | 20.5474 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4109 mL | 2.0547 mL | 4.1095 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2055 mL | 1.0274 mL | 2.0547 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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