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PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) is a novel First-in-class PD-L1 degrader based on PROTAC technology. With an IC50 of 39.2 nM (HTRF assay), it also prevents the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1. PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is also prevented by it, with an IC50 of 39.2 nM (HTRF assay). P22 also significantly improved the immunity that had been suppressed in a co-culture model using Hep3B/OS-8/hPD-L1 and CD3 T cells. Furthermore, results from flow cytometry (FCM) and western blot analysis revealed that P22 could marginally reduce PD-L1 protein levels in a lysosome-dependent manner, which may aid in the explanation of its immune effects. Preliminary FCM and western-blot data show that it is possible to build PROTAC-like molecules that target PD-L1 from PD-1/PD-L1 small molecule inhibitors, even though these substances only showed modest degradation efficiencies. Overall, the research suggests P22 as a potential starting point for analyzing how PD-L1 can be broken down using a PROTAC-like method.
| Targets |
Cereblon
PD-1/PD-L1 interaction (IC50 = 39.2 ± 5.8 nM for PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) in HTRF binding assay) [1] |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (1–10 M; 24 hours) decreases PD-L1 expression in a dose-dependent manner by 21% and 35% at 1 M and 10 M, respectively[1].
PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (1-10 μM; 24 hours) decreases PD-L1 expression in a dose-dependent manner by 21% and 35% at 1 μM and 10 μM, respectively[1]. - PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with an IC50 of 39.2 ± 5.8 nM as determined by HTRF binding assay. [1] - In cytotoxicity assays, PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) showed negligible anti-proliferative effects on human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549 (IC50 > 10 μM), H1299 (IC50 > 10 μM), mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10 (IC50 > 10 μM), human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (IC50 > 10 μM), and Jurkat T cells (IC50 > 10 μM), indicating that it does not directly inhibit cancer cell growth. [1] - In a Hep3B/OS-8/hPD-L1 and CD3 T cell co-culture model, PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) significantly promoted IFN-γ secretion in a dose-dependent manner. At 3.3 μM, IFN-γ secretion was increased by 215%, which was 1.69-fold more remarkable than that induced by Keytruda (127%). [1] - Flow cytometry assay on MDA-MB-231 cells (high PD-L1 expression, 66.8% positive rate) showed that treatment with 10 μM PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) for 24 h reduced cell-surface PD-L1 expression by more than 14% compared to DMSO-treated group. [1] - Western blot analysis on MDA-MB-231 whole cell lysates demonstrated that PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) reduced PD-L1 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner: 21% reduction at 1 μM and 35% reduction at 10 μM after 24 h treatment. BMS-1198 (warhead) and pomalidomide (E3 ligase ligand) did not induce PD-L1 degradation. [1] - Mechanistic studies using protease inhibitor MG132 and lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin (Baf) revealed that PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22)-mediated PD-L1 degradation was restored by bafilomycin but not by MG132, suggesting a lysosome-dependent degradation pathway. [1] |
| Enzyme Assay |
- The ability of PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) to inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 interaction was evaluated using a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) binding assay. The assay kit contained PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins. The experiment was performed according to the manufacturer's guidelines. The biochemical data were presented as IC50 values calculated from dose-dependent curves. [1]
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| Cell Assay |
- In vitro antiproliferative activity of PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) was determined using the CCK-8 assay. Cell lines (A549, H1299, B16-F10, MDA-MB-231, Jurkat) were incubated at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator for 24 h in 96-microwell plates. Then, 100 μL of culture medium with 0.1% DMSO containing different concentrations of the test compound was added to each well and incubated at 37°C for another 48 h. The optical density was detected with a microplate reader at 450 nm. IC50 values were calculated according to the dose-dependent curves. [1]
- For IFN-γ release assay, Hep3B cells engineered to stably express OS-8 (anti-CD3 single chain variable fragment) and human PD-L1 (hPD-L1) were used. Fresh PBMCs were isolated, and CD3+ T cells were isolated using a human T cell isolation kit (negative selection). Hep3B-OS8-hPDL1 cells were harvested and treated with mitomycin C at 37°C for 1.5 h and washed 4 times with PBS. Hep3B-OS8-hPDL1 and T cells (2.5×10^4 in 50 μL and 5×10^4 in 100 μL complete media, respectively) were added to 96-well plates, followed by addition of 4× final concentration of test compound in 50 μL complete media, and co-cultured at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubator for 72 h. Supernatants (150 μL) were harvested after 72 h to determine IFN-γ levels by ELISA. [1] - For flow cytometry, cells (MDA-MB-231, A549, B16F10, H1299) were plated in six-well plates and treated with PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) at indicated concentrations (10 μM for 24 h). Cells were stained for 30 min at 4°C using anti-human-PD-L1-PE antibody or isotype control. Flow cytometry was performed on a flow cytometer, and data were analyzed using software. [1] - For western blotting, cells (MDA-MB-231) were plated in 6-well plates and treated with PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) at indicated concentrations (1 μM and 10 μM for 24 h). Cells were collected, washed with cold PBS, and lysed with RIPA buffer. Protein lysates were denatured at 100°C in SDS-PAGE loading buffer for 5 min, separated by 10% SDS-PAGE, transferred onto PVDF membranes, and immunoblotted with anti-PD-L1 antibody overnight at 4°C. Protein expression levels were normalized to GAPDH. Images were captured, and grayscale of each band was evaluated through ImageJ software. [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
- PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) is based on the BMS-1198 warhead and contains a rigid piperazine linker, which contributed to its high inhibitory activity (IC50 = 39.2 nM) compared to compounds with flexible/straight linkers. [1]
- The degradation of PD-L1 by PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) was found to be lysosome-dependent rather than proteasome-dependent, as evidenced by restoration of PD-L1 levels upon co-treatment with bafilomycin (lysosomal inhibitor) but not with MG132 (proteasome inhibitor). This mechanism is similar to that reported for SA-49 and ENDTACs. [1] - The authors suggest that PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1 (P22) may serve as a starting point for exploring the degradation of PD-L1 by PROTAC-like strategy, though it showed only modest degradation efficiencies (35% reduction at 10 μM). [1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C59H58CLN7O11
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1076.59
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| Exact Mass |
1075.388
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 65.82; H, 5.43; Cl, 3.29; N, 9.11; O, 16.35
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| CAS # |
2447066-37-5
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| Related CAS # |
2447066-37-5
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| PubChem CID |
146673162
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
6.3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
16
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| Heavy Atom Count |
78
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| Complexity |
2220
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=C(C=CC=C1C2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCCO3)COC4=C(C=C(C(=C4)OCC5=CC(=CC=C5)C#N)CN6CCCCC6C(=O)N7CCN(CC7)C(=O)CCCC(=O)NC8=CC=CC9=C8C(=O)N(C9=O)C1CCC(=O)NC1=O)Cl
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| InChi Key |
CJIXMPCTSMEQPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C59H58ClN7O11/c1-36-40(10-5-11-42(36)39-17-19-48-51(30-39)76-27-26-75-48)35-78-50-31-49(77-34-38-9-4-8-37(28-38)32-61)41(29-44(50)60)33-66-21-3-2-14-47(66)58(73)65-24-22-64(23-25-65)54(70)16-7-15-52(68)62-45-13-6-12-43-55(45)59(74)67(57(43)72)46-18-20-53(69)63-56(46)71/h4-6,8-13,17,19,28-31,46-47H,2-3,7,14-16,18,20-27,33-35H2,1H3,(H,62,68)(H,63,69,71)
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| Chemical Name |
5-[4-[1-[[5-chloro-2-[(3-cyanophenyl)methoxy]-4-[[3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-methylphenyl]methoxy]phenyl]methyl]piperidine-2-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1,3-dioxoisoindol-4-yl]-5-oxopentanamide
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| Synonyms |
PD-L1 degrader P22; CUN-01077; CUN 01077; CUN01077
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~210 mg/mL (~195.1 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.4 mg/mL (1.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 1.4 mg/mL (1.30 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 14.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.  (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.9289 mL | 4.6443 mL | 9.2886 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1858 mL | 0.9289 mL | 1.8577 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0929 mL | 0.4644 mL | 0.9289 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration: mg/mL;
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation::Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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