| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| ln Vitro |
γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester (1-4 μg/mL; 72 h) causes apoptosis in A-549 lung cancer cell lines grown in vitro, with the use of the SRB assay. Nevertheless, GLA is caused by changes in BCl-2 expression and actions at the gene/oncogene level[1].
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| ln Vivo |
γ-Linolenic Acid Methyl Ester reduces the histological signs of fatty liver caused by EtOH as well as the hepatic triglycerides[2]. In rats that are normal or hyperlipidemic, γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester has the potential to dramatically lower levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), MDA, atherosclerosis index (AI), and liver TC and MDA while raising levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
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| Cell Assay |
Apoptosis Analysis[1]
Cell Types: A-549 lung cancer cell line Tested Concentrations: 1, 2, 3, and 4 μg/mL Incubation Duration: 72 hrs (hours); observed at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h Experimental Results: demonstrated cytotoxicity potentially due to the induction of apoptosis of tumor cells by augmenting free radical generation only in the tumor cells but not normal cells. |
| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Hepatic pathol rats model induced by EtOH (male SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats, 250-300 g)[2]
Doses: 90 mL, 50-60 mL Route of Administration: intraperitoneal (ip) injection; one time/day; administered 90 mL during day 1-5 and day 9, 50-60 mL during day 6-8 Experimental Results: diminished the hepatic triglycerides of 25.6 mg/g compared with saline (40.2 mg/g) or olive oil (42.8 mg/g) treatment. diminished liver index (the ratio of liver weight and body weight) in hyperlipidemic rats, but had no significant effect in normal rats. |
| References |
[1]. Jubie S, et al. Isolation of methyl gamma linolenate from Spirulina platensis using flash chromatography and its apoptosis inducing effect. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Aug 4;15:263.
[2]. Segarnick DJ, et al. Gamma-linolenic acid inhibits the development of the ethanol-induced fatty liver. Prostaglandins Leukot Med. 1985 Mar;17(3):277-82. [3]. Xiuqin K, et al. Studies on the hypolipidemic effects of gamma-linolenic acid methyl ester derived from Spirulina maxima[J]. Zhongguo hai Yang yao wu= Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs, 2003, 22(6): 30-34. [4]. Williams, et al. Antithrombosis agent containing γ-linolenic acid or a functional derivative of it: Federal Republic of Germany, DE2749492[P]. 1978-05-11. [5]. Hiyamuta, et al. Melanoma cell proliferation inhibitors containing γ-linolenic acid or its derivatives: Japan, JP2014141427[P]. 2014-08-07. |
| Additional Infomation |
Methyl gamma-linolenate is a fatty acid methyl ester obtained from the formal condensation of methanol and gamma-linolenic acid. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent and an antibacterial agent. It is functionally related to a gamma-linolenic acid.
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| Molecular Formula |
C19H32O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
292.46
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| Exact Mass |
292.24
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| CAS # |
16326-32-2
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| PubChem CID |
6439889
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
385.4±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
101.5±23.2 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.476
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| LogP |
7.03
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
14
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
314
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCC(=O)OC
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| InChi Key |
JFRWATCOFCPIBM-JPFHKJGASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H32O2/c1-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19(20)21-2/h7-8,10-11,13-14H,3-6,9,12,15-18H2,1-2H3/b8-7-,11-10-,14-13-
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| Chemical Name |
methyl (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadeca-6,9,12-trienoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (341.93 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.55 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4193 mL | 17.0964 mL | 34.1927 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6839 mL | 3.4193 mL | 6.8385 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3419 mL | 1.7096 mL | 3.4193 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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