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| Targets |
Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) signaling pathway. 23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 is a bioactive vitamin D3 metabolite that modulates the activity of vitamin D receptors (VDR), which are nuclear receptors involved in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis. As a downstream metabolite in the vitamin D catabolic pathway, it represents an intermediate in the inactivation of calcitriol. While its affinity for VDR is likely lower than that of the active hormone calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), it still contributes to the complex regulation of vitamin D signaling. It may also interact with other nuclear receptors or binding proteins involved in vitamin D metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 is a significant 24(R),25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 metabolite[1].
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 has been described as a prominent metabolite of 24(R),25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. In cell-free systems, it can be used to study vitamin D metabolism pathways, including the C-24 and C-23 oxidation pathways that lead to side-chain cleavage and inactivation of the vitamin D molecule. The compound serves as a standard for identifying and quantifying vitamin D metabolites in biological samples by LC-MS/MS. Its ability to modulate VDR activity can be assessed in VDR binding assays, although its affinity is expected to be lower than that of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. It is also used in biochemical studies of vitamin D catabolism. |
| ln Vivo |
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 is an endogenous metabolite involved in the catabolic pathway of vitamin D regulation. It is produced from 24(R),25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the kidney and other tissues as part of the inactivation process of the active vitamin D hormone (calcitriol). It may also play a role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis by modulating VDR activity, although its biological potency is lower than that of the parent calcitriol. The compound is used in research to study vitamin D metabolism, endocrine regulation, bone health, and metabolic disorders. It can be measured in plasma, urine, and tissues to assess vitamin D status and metabolic flux.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Vitamin D metabolite quantification by LC-MS/MS: Prepare biological samples (e.g., serum, plasma, urine, tissue homogenates). Add stable isotope-labeled internal standards (e.g., 23,25-dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3-d₆). Perform liquid-liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction (SPE) to isolate vitamin D metabolites. Derivatize with a Diels-Alder reagent or other suitable derivatization agent to improve ionization efficiency. Separate on a C18 reverse-phase column using a mobile phase of water and methanol (or acetonitrile) with 0.1% formic acid or ammonium formate. Detect by positive ion electrospray ionization (ESI+) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Quantify by isotope dilution against a calibration curve. This method is used for studying vitamin D metabolism and catabolism.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based studies, culture cells expressing vitamin D receptors (e.g., osteoblasts, intestinal epithelial cells, kidney cells, or monocytes). Treat cells with 23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 at concentrations ranging from 0.1 nM to 1 uM for 24-72 hours. Measure VDR activation by luciferase reporter assay (using a VDR-responsive element (VDRE)-luciferase construct) or by quantifying the expression of VDR target genes (e.g., CYP24A1, osteocalcin, TRPV6) by qPCR. Alternatively, measure calcium uptake or cell differentiation markers. The compound should exhibit weaker biological activity compared to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Include untreated and calcitriol-treated controls. This allows study of the biological activity of this catabolic metabolite.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo studies of vitamin D metabolism, administer radiolabeled or stable isotope-labeled vitamin D3 to animals (e.g., rats, mice). Collect blood, urine, and tissues (kidney, liver, bone) at various time points (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 h). Extract and analyze for vitamin D metabolites including 23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 by LC-MS/MS as described in the assay protocol above. Quantify the compound to assess the activity of the vitamin D catabolic pathway and the C-24 and C-23 oxidation pathways. This protocol is used to study the effects of treatments (e.g., drugs, diet, disease states) on vitamin D metabolism and clearance. The compound is also used as an analytical standard in these studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3: Molecular formula C2₇H42O4. Molecular weight: 430.62 g/mol. Purity: ≥95%. Appearance: White to off-white solid. Solubility: Soluble in DMSO and ethanol. Storage: Store powder at -20degC for up to 3 years; in solvent at -80degC for up to 1 year. Protect from light and oxygen as vitamin D compounds are light-sensitive. Shipping: Blue ice or ambient temperature. The compound is a major metabolite of 24(R),25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and holds significant potential for studying metabolic disorders.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 has low toxicity as an endogenous vitamin D metabolite at physiological levels. At pharmacological doses, excessive vitamin D metabolites can cause hypercalcemia and soft tissue calcification, but the compound itself is not used as a therapeutic agent. As an analytical standard for research use, it is handled at low concentrations where toxicity is not a concern. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the pure compound: wear appropriate personal protective equipment (lab coat, gloves, safety glasses), avoid inhalation of powder and contact with skin/eyes. Protect from light. Not for human therapeutic use. Always consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed safety information. For research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
23,25-Dihydroxy-24-oxovitamin D3 is a major metabolite of 24(R),25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and holds significant potential for studying metabolic disorders. It is a bioactive vitamin D3 metabolite involved in the catabolic pathway of vitamin D regulation, where it features hydroxyl groups at the 23 and 25 positions and a keto group at the 24 position, forming part of the inactivation process of calcitriol. This metabolite plays a role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis by modulating the activity of vitamin D receptors (VDR). It is valuable in studying vitamin D metabolism, endocrine regulation, and bone health. It is also supplied as an analytical reference standard for research use only and is not for clinical or therapeutic applications. The compound is a registered MeSH supplementary concept and is recognized as a metabolite of vitamin D3 in the kidney. For research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C27H42O4
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| Molecular Weight |
430.62
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| Exact Mass |
430.308
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| CAS # |
84164-55-6
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| PubChem CID |
20839366
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
4.883
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
761
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
C[C@H](CC(C(=O)C(C)(C)O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]\2[C@@]1(CCC/C2=C\C=C/3\C[C@H](CCC3=C)O)C
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| InChi Key |
LYVJVKJTSXESPC-NTRZRZNESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C27H42O4/c1-17-8-11-21(28)16-20(17)10-9-19-7-6-14-27(5)22(12-13-23(19)27)18(2)15-24(29)25(30)26(3,4)31/h9-10,18,21-24,28-29,31H,1,6-8,11-16H2,2-5H3/b19-9+,20-10-/t18-,21+,22-,23+,24?,27-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(6R)-6-[(1R,3aS,4E,7aR)-4-[(2Z)-2-[(5S)-5-hydroxy-2-methylidenecyclohexylidene]ethylidene]-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-1-yl]-2,4-dihydroxy-2-methylheptan-3-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (232.22 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.81 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.81 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3222 mL | 11.6112 mL | 23.2223 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4644 mL | 2.3222 mL | 4.6445 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2322 mL | 1.1611 mL | 2.3222 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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