| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
Thyminose does not have a specific pharmacological target as it is an endogenous metabolite. It is a deoxypentose found in humans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and mice, and is functionally related to D-ribose. As a component of DNA, it is involved in nucleic acid metabolism. Its "target" in research is the metabolic pathways involving deoxyribose and nucleotide metabolism. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Thyminose is used to study processes of oxidative stress and glycation. It serves as an endothelial-cell chemoattractant and angiogenesis-inducing factor, used to study tumor angiogenesis and progression mediated at the level of thymidine phosphorylase activity. It is also used as a reducing sugar in various biochemical assays.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Thyminose is an endogenous metabolite involved in DNA metabolism. It is produced during the degradation of thymidine by thymidine phosphorylase. Its levels reflect nucleotide turnover and may be altered in conditions involving increased DNA synthesis or degradation. It is not a therapeutic agent but is studied in the context of metabolism and disease.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays with Thyminose typically involve studying thymidine phosphorylase, which catalyzes the formation of 2-deoxy-D-ribose from thymidine. The compound can also be used in assays to study glycation and oxidative stress. Standard assays involve incubating the compound with enzyme preparations and analyzing products by spectrophotometric or chromatographic methods.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with Thyminose involve treating endothelial cells or cancer cells to study its effects on angiogenesis and tumor progression. Cells are treated with various concentrations, and endpoints include assessment of cell migration, tube formation, and proliferation. These experiments characterize the role of thyminose in angiogenesis and tumor biology.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with Thyminose typically involve using animal models of tumor angiogenesis. The compound or its precursor (thymidine) is administered to study its effects on tumor growth and vascularization. These studies are used to understand the role of thymidine phosphorylase and its product, thyminose, in cancer progression.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Thyminose reflect its role as a metabolic intermediate. It is produced intracellularly from thymidine and is rapidly metabolized or incorporated into DNA. As a small, polar sugar, it is water-soluble and readily excreted. Specific PK parameters are not well characterized as it is an endogenous metabolite.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Thyminose has a low toxicity profile as it is a naturally occurring metabolite. However, it is classified with hazard codes Xn (Harmful) and Xi (Irritant), with risk statements indicating it is harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin, and irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken.
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| Additional Infomation |
2-Deoxy-D-ribose is a deoxypentose, a metabolite in which the C-2 hydroxyl group of D-ribose is replaced by a hydrogen atom. It is found in humans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and mice, and is functionally related to D-ribose. Deoxyribose is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). 2-Deoxy-D-ribose has been reported to exist in humans and Trypanosoma brevicornu, with relevant data available. 2-Deoxy-D-ribose is a metabolite found or produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Thyminose (2-deoxy-D-ribose) is a naturally occurring deoxypentose that is the core sugar component of DNA. It is an endothelial-cell chemoattractant and angiogenesis-inducing factor used to study tumor angiogenesis. The compound is an endogenous metabolite and is not a drug. It is available for laboratory research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H10O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
134.13
|
| Exact Mass |
134.057
|
| CAS # |
533-67-5
|
| Related CAS # |
Thyminose-13C;478511-57-8;Thyminose-13C-1;478511-60-3;Thyminose-13C-2;159838-86-5;Thyminose-d2;478511-68-1;Thyminose-d3
|
| PubChem CID |
5460005
|
| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
379.7±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
89-90 °C(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
197.6±24.4 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.500
|
| LogP |
-2.39
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
9
|
| Complexity |
83
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
|
| SMILES |
C(C=O)[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
ASJSAQIRZKANQN-CRCLSJGQSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H10O4/c6-2-1-4(8)5(9)3-7/h2,4-5,7-9H,1,3H2/t4-,5+/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(3S,4R)-3,4,5-trihydroxypentanal
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (745.55 mM)
H2O: 100 mg/mL (745.55 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 50 mg/mL (372.77 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.4555 mL | 37.2773 mL | 74.5545 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4911 mL | 7.4555 mL | 14.9109 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7455 mL | 3.7277 mL | 7.4555 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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