| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
As a stable isotope-labeled internal standard, hippuric acid-d5 does not exert its effects through binding to specific pharmacological targets in the traditional sense. Instead, its "target" is the analytical method in which it is used as a reference standard. The compound is designed to have identical chemical properties to unlabeled hippuric acid but with a distinct mass due to the presence of five deuterium atoms. This allows it to co-elute with unlabeled hippuric acid in chromatographic separation while being distinguishable by mass spectrometry. Hippuric acid itself is a metabolite of aromatic compounds from food and is commonly found in urine. It is produced via hepatic conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine. In biological systems, hippuric acid serves as a marker of exposure to toluene and other aromatic compounds, as well as a marker of hepatic function. The d5-labeled version of hippuric acid enables researchers to accurately quantify hippuric acid levels in biological samples, providing a tool for studying aromatic compound metabolism, assessing environmental exposure, and monitoring liver function.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro, hippuric acid-d5 is used as an internal standard for the quantification of hippuric acid in biological samples by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS. The compound is added to samples at known concentrations prior to sample preparation to correct for matrix effects, extraction efficiency, and instrument variability. The deuterium labeling ensures that the compound can be distinguished from endogenous hippuric acid in mass spectrometry-based assays, allowing for accurate quantification even in complex biological matrices. The compound is typically dissolved in appropriate solvents (e.g., methanol, water) to prepare stock and working solutions for analytical applications. In method development and validation studies, hippuric acid-d5 is used to assess the accuracy, precision, and robustness of analytical methods for hippuric acid quantification. The compound's chemical properties are identical to those of unlabeled hippuric acid, ensuring that it behaves identically during sample preparation and chromatographic separation. This makes hippuric acid-d5 an ideal internal standard for quantitative analysis of hippuric acid in a variety of biological matrices including urine, plasma, and tissue homogenates. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, hippuric acid-d5 enables precise tracking of hippuric acid metabolism in complex biological systems. Following administration to animals or humans, the compound can be detected in biological fluids using mass spectrometry, allowing researchers to study the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of hippuric acid. The deuterium label ensures that the administered compound can be distinguished from endogenous hippuric acid, enabling accurate pharmacokinetic studies. Hippuric acid is a normal urinary component derived from metabolism of aromatic compounds from food. It is produced via hepatic conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine and excreted in urine. The d5-labeled version of hippuric acid can be used to study the kinetics of hippuric acid formation and excretion, as well as the factors that influence these processes. In clinical research, hippuric acid-d5 may be used in stable isotope tracer studies to assess hepatic function and metabolic capacity. The compound's stability and well-characterized properties make it a reliable tool for in vivo metabolic studies.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme and receptor binding assays are not typically performed with hippuric acid-d5, as it is not a pharmacologically active compound in the traditional sense. Instead, the compound is used as an internal standard or tracer in analytical assays. In enzymatic assays, hippuric acid-d5 can be used as a substrate to study the activity of enzymes involved in hippuric acid metabolism, such as glycine N-acyltransferase, which catalyzes the conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine to form hippuric acid. In these assays, the enzyme is incubated with benzoic acid and glycine in the presence of hippuric acid-d5 as an internal standard, and the formation of hippuric acid is measured by LC-MS/MS. The deuterium label ensures accurate quantification of the reaction product. Hippuric acid-d5 can also be used in binding studies to investigate the interaction of hippuric acid with transporters or binding proteins, although these applications are less common. The compound's chemical properties are identical to those of unlabeled hippuric acid, ensuring that it behaves identically in biochemical assays.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based experiments with hippuric acid-d5 involve adding the labeled compound to cell culture media and studying its uptake and metabolism. Cells are cultured in standard growth media, and hippuric acid-d5 is added at various concentrations for varying periods. Following incubation, cells and culture media are collected, and metabolites are extracted using appropriate methods. The extracts are then analyzed by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS to measure the deuterium-labeled hippuric acid and its metabolites. This allows researchers to quantify hippuric acid uptake, metabolism, and excretion in cell models. In studies of drug metabolism, hippuric acid-d5 can be used as a probe to assess the activity of glycine N-acyltransferase and other enzymes involved in amino acid conjugation reactions. Cell viability is routinely monitored to ensure that the labeled compound does not affect cell health. Each experiment includes appropriate controls (unlabeled cells, vehicle controls) and is performed in triplicate to ensure statistical reliability. The high purity and isotopic enrichment of hippuric acid-d5 ensure accurate and reproducible results in these experiments.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with hippuric acid-d5 involve administration of the labeled compound to animals followed by collection of biological samples for mass spectrometry analysis. The compound is typically administered via oral gavage, intraperitoneal injection, or intravenous infusion at doses ranging from 1-100 mg/kg. Following administration, blood samples are collected at various time points (typically 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 hours) to measure the appearance and disappearance of labeled hippuric acid in the circulation. Urine samples are also collected to study the excretion of hippuric acid and its metabolites. At the end of the experiment, animals are euthanized, and tissues (liver, kidney, brain) are collected for analysis. Metabolites are extracted from plasma, urine, and tissues, and the deuterium enrichment of hippuric acid and its metabolites is measured by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS. This allows researchers to quantify hippuric acid metabolism in different organs and tissues, assess the impact of disease states on hippuric acid homeostasis, and evaluate the effects of pharmacological interventions. All animal procedures are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care and use committee guidelines, with appropriate sample sizes (typically n=4-6 per group) to ensure statistical power. The compound is formulated for administration using appropriate vehicles such as saline or water, in which it is soluble.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of hippuric acid-d5 are studied using the isotope label to track the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of hippuric acid. Following oral or intravenous administration, the compound is rapidly absorbed and distributed to tissues. The deuterium label allows for the specific detection of administered hippuric acid in biological samples without interference from endogenous unlabeled hippuric acid. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as half-life, volume of distribution, clearance, and bioavailability can be calculated from the concentration-time profiles of labeled hippuric acid in plasma and urine. Hippuric acid is a normal urinary component derived from metabolism of aromatic compounds from food. It is produced via hepatic conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine and excreted in urine. The labeled compound enables precise tracking of these metabolic processes. The pharmacokinetics of hippuric acid-d5 are expected to be similar to those of unlabeled hippuric acid, with rapid distribution and elimination. The compound is stable under standard storage conditions and can be transported at room temperature. The high purity and isotopic enrichment of the labeled compound ensure accurate pharmacokinetic measurements.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of hippuric acid-d5 is consistent with that of unlabeled hippuric acid, a normal urinary component derived from metabolism of aromatic compounds from food. Hippuric acid is a normal component of urine and is generally considered non-toxic at physiological concentrations. The deuterium label is a stable isotope that does not impart any additional toxicity to the compound. The compound is supplied as a high-purity research chemical for laboratory use only and is not intended for human consumption. Standard safety precautions should be observed when handling the compound, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. As with all chemicals, ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact should be avoided. The compound's safety profile is supported by the extensive use of stable isotope-labeled compounds in research and clinical diagnostics. There are no known adverse effects associated with the use of hippuric acid-d5 at the concentrations typically used in research applications. However, as with all research chemicals, appropriate risk assessments should be conducted prior to use.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Hippuric acid-d5 is a valuable research tool for analytical chemistry, metabolic studies, and clinical diagnostics. It is used as an internal standard for the quantification of hippuric acid in biological samples by LC-MS/MS or GC-MS. Hippuric acid (N-benzoylglycine) is a metabolite of aromatic compounds from food and is commonly found in urine. It is produced via hepatic conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine. The d5-labeled version of hippuric acid enables researchers to accurately quantify hippuric acid levels in biological samples, providing a tool for studying aromatic compound metabolism, assessing environmental exposure to toluene and other aromatic compounds, and monitoring liver function. The compound is also used in stable isotope tracer studies to investigate the kinetics of hippuric acid formation and excretion. Its high purity and isotopic enrichment ensure accurate and reproducible results in analytical applications. Hippuric acid-d5 is not a drug and is not approved for any clinical indication. It is strictly for research use only. Its role as a stable isotope-labeled internal standard makes it an essential tool for quantitative analysis in a variety of biological matrices including urine, plasma, and tissue homogenates.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C9H4D5NO3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
184.20
|
| Exact Mass |
184.089
|
| CAS # |
53518-98-2
|
| Related CAS # |
Hippuric acid;495-69-2
|
| PubChem CID |
101624378
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
379.6±44.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
183.4±28.4 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.561
|
| LogP |
1.3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
13
|
| Complexity |
197
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
[2H]C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[2H])[2H])C(=O)NCC(=O)O)[2H])[2H]
|
| InChi Key |
QIAFMBKCNZACKA-RALIUCGRSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H9NO3/c11-8(12)6-10-9(13)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,10,13)(H,11,12)/i1D,2D,3D,4D,5D
|
| Chemical Name |
2-[(2,3,4,5,6-pentadeuteriobenzoyl)amino]acetic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 250 mg/mL (1357.22 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.29 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4289 mL | 27.1444 mL | 54.2888 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0858 mL | 5.4289 mL | 10.8578 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5429 mL | 2.7144 mL | 5.4289 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
