| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Proline-13C5 has no independent pharmacological target as a stable isotope tracer. The unlabeled L-proline is a non-essential amino acid involved in protein synthesis, collagen formation, and wound healing. L-Proline is also a precursor for the synthesis of hydroxyproline, which stabilizes collagen triple helices, and for the neurotransmitter L-glutamate. Proline metabolism is important in cancer cell proliferation and stress responses.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
As a stable isotope tracer, L-Proline-13C5 is not tested for in vitro pharmacological activity. In cell culture studies, it is used to trace proline metabolism, collagen synthesis, and the conversion of proline to glutamate via proline dehydrogenase (PRODH). L-Proline is also used as a building block in protein synthesis and can affect cell proliferation and stress responses in certain cell lines. |
| ln Vivo |
L-Proline-13C5 has no independent in vivo pharmacological activity as a therapeutic agent. It is used in animal and human studies as a stable isotope tracer to study proline metabolism, collagen turnover, and disease states such as hyperprolinemia and cancer. L-Proline has been investigated for its potential therapeutic benefits in wound healing and in protecting against oxidative stress.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro LC-MS/MS or NMR quantification, L-Proline-13C5 is dissolved in an appropriate solvent (water, 0.1% formic acid, or methanol) to prepare a stock solution (e.g., 1 mg/mL). The internal standard is added to biological samples (plasma, serum, cell lysates) at a fixed concentration (e.g., 10-500 ng/mL). Protein precipitation is performed by adding 3-5 volumes of methanol or acetonitrile containing the internal standard. After centrifugation, the supernatant is analyzed by LC-MS/MS. For NMR, the tracer is dissolved in D2O.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, L-Proline-13C5 can be added to cell culture media as a tracer. Cells (e.g., fibroblasts, cancer cells) are cultured in standard medium. The medium is replaced with proline-free medium containing L-Proline-13C5 (10-500 uM). After 1-48 hours, cells are harvested, and metabolites are extracted. LC-MS or 13C-NMR is used to trace the 13C label into proline, glutamate, hydroxyproline, and TCA cycle intermediates. Collagen synthesis can be assessed by analyzing labeled proline and hydroxyproline.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, L-Proline-13C5 is administered to rodents via intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection (50-200 mg/kg), or oral gavage. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points (0, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes). At terminal time points, tissues (liver, skin, cartilage, kidney) are harvested, snap-frozen, and stored at -80degC. Tissues are homogenized and analyzed by LC-MS or NMR to quantify 13C-labeled proline and its metabolites. Breath 13CO2 may be collected to measure proline oxidation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Proline-13C5 is a stable isotope tracer and has the same pharmacokinetics as natural L-proline. L-Proline is absorbed from the small intestine via amino acid transporters, distributed to all tissues, and reaches high concentrations in skin and cartilage due to collagen synthesis. Plasma half-life in humans is approximately 1-2 hours. L-Proline is metabolized primarily in the liver and kidney by proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) to glutamate, which enters the TCA cycle.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Proline is a naturally occurring amino acid with low toxicity. The LD50 in rodents is >5,000 mg/kg. The 13C-labeled version is chemically identical and has the same safety profile. Elevated proline levels (hyperprolinemia) can occur in inborn errors of metabolism (PRODH deficiency) and may be associated with neurological symptoms. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling amino acids apply. Not for human consumption.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Proline_13C5 is a proline derivative and a compound modified with (13)C.
L-Proline-13C5 is not a drug but a 13C-labeled stable isotope research tracer. It has no approved therapeutic status. It is used as an internal standard for GC-MS or LC-MS quantification of proline in biological samples, and as a tracer for metabolic studies of proline metabolism, collagen synthesis, and the proline-glutamate axis. It is also used in research on cancer metabolism (proline dehydrogenase pathway), wound healing, and hyperprolinemia. Available with ≥99 atom% 13C and ≥98% chemical purity. |
| Molecular Formula |
13C5H9NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
120.09
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| Exact Mass |
120.08
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| CAS # |
201740-83-2
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| Related CAS # |
L-Proline;147-85-3
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| PubChem CID |
71309553
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
228℃ (dec.) (lit.)
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| Index of Refraction |
1.487
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| LogP |
-2.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
103
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
[13CH2]1[13CH2][13C@H](N[13CH2]1)[13C](=O)O
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| InChi Key |
ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-JRGPAWSWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,5+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-(2,3,4,5-13C4)azolidine-2-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL (1040.89 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (832.71 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.3271 mL | 41.6354 mL | 83.2709 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6654 mL | 8.3271 mL | 16.6542 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8327 mL | 4.1635 mL | 8.3271 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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