| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2g |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid potassium serves as a substrate for various kinases, including pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. It acts as an inhibitor of hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, and aldolase. It is a bifunctional carbohydrate that exhibits antioxidant properties. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, PEP-K is used as a substrate in enzyme assays for pyruvate kinase and other glycolytic enzymes. It acts as an inhibitor of several glycolytic enzymes including hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, and aldolase. It exhibits antioxidant properties and is used in studies of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, phosphoenolpyruvic acid plays a critical role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. It is an intermediate in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate and in the reverse pathway from pyruvate to glucose. One molecule of ATP is formed during its metabolism in glycolysis. It is a vital compound in energy metabolism.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for pyruvate kinase involve incubating the enzyme with PEP-K and ADP in buffer at pH 7.4-8.0. The production of pyruvate and ATP is measured spectrophotometrically by coupling to lactate dehydrogenase and monitoring NADH oxidation at 340 nm. Kinetic parameters are determined by varying PEP concentrations.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell assays, cells are cultured and treated with PEP-K at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. Glycolytic flux is assessed by measuring lactate production and glucose consumption. ATP levels are measured by luciferase assays. The compound's effects on cellular metabolism and energy production are evaluated. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, PEP-K is typically administered to rodents via intravenous injection or oral gavage in metabolic studies. Blood glucose, lactate, and ATP levels are measured. The compound's effects on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are assessed by measuring metabolic intermediates. Pharmacokinetic studies quantify PEP levels in plasma and tissues by LC-MS/MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid potassium (MW ~206.17) has the molecular formula C3H4KO6P. It is a potassium salt that is soluble in water. The compound is stable under recommended storage conditions. It is a key intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and exhibits antioxidant properties. It is a substrate for pyruvate kinase and other kinases.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is for research use only. No specific toxicity data are available. As an endogenous metabolite, it is expected to have low toxicity at physiological concentrations. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| Additional Infomation |
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid potassium (CAS# 4265-07-0) is a key metabolite in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. It has not been approved as a therapeutic drug. The compound is widely used in biochemical research as a substrate for pyruvate kinase and other enzymes, and in studies of energy metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. It is also known as potassium 1-carboxyvinyl hydrogenphosphate.
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| Molecular Formula |
C3H4KO6P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
206.13
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| Exact Mass |
205.938
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| CAS # |
4265-07-0
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| Related CAS # |
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid tricyclohexylammonium salt;35556-70-8;Phosphoenolpyruvic acid potassium-13C2;201996-39-6
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| PubChem CID |
23678879
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
466.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
175 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
236.1ºC
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| LogP |
0.132
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
212
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C=C(C(=O)O)OP(=O)(O)[O-].[K+]
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| InChi Key |
SOSDSEAIODNVPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H5O6P.K/c1-2(3(4)5)9-10(6,7)8;/h1H2,(H,4,5)(H2,6,7,8);/q;+1/p-1
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| Chemical Name |
potassium;1-carboxyethenyl hydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL (606.41 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (485.13 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8513 mL | 24.2565 mL | 48.5131 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9703 mL | 4.8513 mL | 9.7026 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4851 mL | 2.4257 mL | 4.8513 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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