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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
2-Chloro-4-iodopyridine functions as an antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with the synthesis of folic acid. Folic acid is essential for bacterial DNA synthesis and cell division, and its inhibition is a common mechanism for antibacterial drugs. The compound's ability to inhibit folic acid synthesis suggests that it may target the bacterial enzymes involved in the folate biosynthesis pathway, such as dihydropteroate synthase or dihydrofolate reductase. Its effectiveness against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa indicates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The compound's structural features, including the chlorine and iodine substituents on the pyridine ring, may contribute to its interaction with bacterial targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine is an antibacterial agent effective against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with the synthesis of folic acid. The compound is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research. In medicinal chemistry, it serves as a versatile building block for constructing biologically active molecules. Its dual halogen substitution allows for selective functionalization through cross-coupling reactions, making it a valuable tool for drug discovery and development. In organic synthesis, it is used as a building block for creating complex molecules efficiently.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity has not been extensively studied for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine. The compound's antibacterial activity suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in animal models of bacterial infection, but specific studies on the parent compound are limited. The compound is primarily a research reagent and is not intended for therapeutic use. Its derivatives may be evaluated in animal models for antibacterial efficacy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine involve standard antibacterial susceptibility testing. The compound is tested against bacterial cultures using broth microdilution or agar diffusion methods to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations. The compound's ability to inhibit folic acid synthesis can be assessed using biochemical assays that measure the activity of folate biosynthesis enzymes. For cross-coupling reactions, the compound is used as a substrate in Suzuki or Buchwald-Hartwig couplings. Standard protocols involve mixing the compound with a coupling partner, a palladium catalyst, a base, and a solvent under inert atmosphere, and monitoring the reaction by TLC or HPLC.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine involve testing its antibacterial activity against bacterial cultures. Minimum inhibitory concentrations are determined using standard broth microdilution methods. The compound's effectiveness against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is assessed. The compound's mechanism of action, involving inhibition of folic acid synthesis, can be studied by measuring folate levels or the activity of folate biosynthesis enzymes in treated bacterial cultures. The compound itself is not typically used in mammalian cell-based assays due to its primary role as an antibacterial agent.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal studies for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine are not extensively documented. The compound's antibacterial activity suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in animal models of bacterial infection, but specific studies on the parent compound are limited. The compound is primarily a research reagent and is not intended for therapeutic use. Its derivatives may be evaluated in animal models for antibacterial efficacy.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine are not available. As a small polar molecule with a molecular weight of 239.44 g/mol, it is expected to have moderate bioavailability if administered, but it is not intended for therapeutic use. Comprehensive pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed, as the compound is not intended for systemic administration. For research purposes, the compound is typically handled as a neat chemical and not administered to living organisms for pharmacokinetic profiling.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for 2-chloro-4-iodopyridine are limited. Standard safety precautions for handling halogenated heterocycles apply, including the use of personal protective equipment such as gloves and safety goggles. The compound should be handled in a well-ventilated area, and contact with skin and eyes should be avoided. In case of exposure, affected areas should be rinsed thoroughly with water. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen or mutagen based on available data, but comprehensive toxicological evaluation has not been performed. As with all research chemicals, it should be handled with care and used only in accordance with safety guidelines.
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| Additional Infomation |
2-Chloro-4-iodopyridine is a research chemical, not an approved drug. It has no clinical trial or marketing approval status for therapeutic use. The compound is an antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial growth by interfering with the synthesis of folic acid. It has been shown to be effective against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compound is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research. Its dual halogen substitution provides useful reactive sites for cross-coupling reactions. It should be stored in a cool, dry place.
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| Molecular Formula |
C5H3CLIN
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
239.44
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| Exact Mass |
238.899
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| CAS # |
153034-86-7
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| PubChem CID |
1516511
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
2.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
255.5±20.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
42-43 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
108.3±21.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.642
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| LogP |
1.87
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
78.8
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
IC1C=CN=C(C=1)Cl
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| InChi Key |
KJKIPRQNFDUULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H3ClIN/c6-5-3-4(7)1-2-8-5/h1-3H
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| Chemical Name |
2-chloro-4-iodopyridine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (417.64 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1764 mL | 20.8821 mL | 41.7641 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8353 mL | 4.1764 mL | 8.3528 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4176 mL | 2.0882 mL | 4.1764 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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