| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
This compound does not have a biological target; it is a chemical catalyst. As a palladium(II) source, it participates in the activation of alkenic and aromatic compounds towards oxidative inter- and intramolecular nucleophilic reactions. It plays a central role in numerous C–C and C–N bond-forming reactions, including Heck, Suzuki–Miyaura, Stille, and Buchwald–Hartwig couplings.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
One such catalyst is palladium acetate.
This compound is not a biological agent and has no in vitro biological activity. Its chemical activity is as a catalyst. It is used in vinylation, the Wacker process, Buchwald-Hartwig amination, carbonylation, oxidation, rearrangement of dienes (e.g., Cope rearrangement), C-C bond formation, and reductive amination. |
| ln Vivo |
This compound is not used in in vivo studies as a therapeutic agent. It is a research chemical used as a catalyst in organic synthesis to create drug candidates. The palladium catalyst is typically removed from the final product. It is not a therapeutic agent.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular assays are not applicable. Its "activity" is assessed in chemical reactions. A typical protocol involves dissolving the substrate and the catalyst in a solvent and carrying out the reaction under specific conditions. The progress is monitored, and the product is analyzed. The catalyst facilitates the formation of new bonds.
|
| Cell Assay |
This compound is not used in cell-based assays. It is a catalyst used in synthetic chemistry. It is an orange-brown solid that is soluble in a variety of organic solvents. It is stored at room temperature. It is not suitable for direct application in biological systems due to its toxicity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments do not involve this compound as a test article. It is a chemical reagent for synthesis. If used to synthesize a drug candidate, that candidate would be tested in animals. The palladium catalyst itself is not administered.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Palladium can be absorbed via oral, skin contact, and inhalation routes. Once in the body, it is distributed to the kidneys, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, lungs, and bones. Palladium has the ability to form complexes, allowing it to bind to amino acids, proteins, DNA, and other macromolecules. Palladium and its metabolites are excreted in urine and feces. (A21) Pharmacokinetic properties are not applicable as this is not a drug. It is a coordination complex with a molecular weight of 224.51 g/mol. It is a solid with a melting point of 205°C. It is sensitive to light and moisture. Its primary use is as a catalyst, not as a systemically available compound. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
Because palladium ions can form stable complexes with inorganic and organic ligands, they can disrupt cellular homeostasis, displace other essential ions, and interact with functional groups in macromolecules such as proteins or DNA. The binding of palladium complexes to DNA and RNA leads to strand breaks. Palladium ions can inhibit most major cellular functions, including DNA and RNA synthesis. Studies have shown that palladium compounds can bind to and inhibit the activity of various enzymes, such as creatine kinase and prolyl hydroxylase. (L798) The toxicity of palladium compounds is a concern. Palladium(II) acetate is a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant. It may cause allergic skin reactions. It is harmful if swallowed. It should be handled with extreme care in a fume hood with appropriate PPE. It is not intended for human or veterinary use. |
| Additional Infomation |
Palladium acetate is a compound of palladium. It can be used as a catalyst in a variety of organic reactions and is also a precursor to other palladium(II) compounds. Palladium is a chemical element with the symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It exists in elemental form and often forms alloys with gold and other platinum group metals. It is also found in rare minerals such as copper ores and polarized palladium. (L794, L804)
Palladium(II) acetate is a versatile and widely used palladium catalyst in organic synthesis. It is a key reagent for forming carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. It is not a pharmaceutical and has no clinical trials or approved therapeutic status. |
| Molecular Formula |
C4H6O4PD
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
224.51
|
| Exact Mass |
223.93
|
| CAS # |
3375-31-3
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| PubChem CID |
167845
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| Appearance |
Yellow to brown solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
117.1ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
205ºC
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| Flash Point |
40ºC
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
9
|
| Complexity |
25.5
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
CC(=O)[O-].CC(=O)[O-].[Pd+2]
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| InChi Key |
YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/2C2H4O2.Pd/c2*1-2(3)4;/h2*1H3,(H,3,4);/q;;+2/p-2
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| Chemical Name |
palladium(2+);diacetate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (445.41 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.4541 mL | 22.2707 mL | 44.5414 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8908 mL | 4.4541 mL | 8.9083 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4454 mL | 2.2271 mL | 4.4541 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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