| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
As an amino acid derivative, (S)-1-(((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid does not have a defined primary drug target in the context of therapeutic development. However, as a dehydroproline analogue, it may be used in research to study peptide conformation, protein-protein interactions, and enzyme-substrate recognition. Proline is a cyclic amino acid that introduces conformational constraints into peptide sequences. The 2,5-dihydropyrrole ring introduces an unsaturated bond that can affect peptide conformation and reactivity. The Fmoc protecting group allows for selective deprotection under mild basic conditions, which is a key feature in Fmoc-based SPPS.
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| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
In vitro studies on amino acid derivatives, including this proline analogue, have demonstrated their capacity to influence the release of anabolic hormones, modulate fuel availability for cellular activity, enhance mental performance under stress-related conditions, and prevent exercise-induced muscle damage. As a dehydroproline derivative, this compound may be used in cell-based assays to investigate amino acid transport mechanisms, peptide stability, and the effects of unsaturation on peptide biological activity. The compound can also be utilized in studies examining the role of proline in peptide conformation and protein folding. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on amino acid derivatives have shown that they affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. As a protected dehydroproline derivative, this compound may be administered in animal studies to evaluate the effects of modified proline residues on biological systems. However, specific in vivo pharmacological data for this exact compound remains limited, as it is primarily supplied as a research chemical for peptide synthesis rather than as a therapeutic agent.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based enzyme or receptor binding assays for this compound typically involve studies with purified enzymes or receptors to evaluate the effects of dehydroproline incorporation on binding affinity and enzymatic activity. For peptide synthesis applications, the compound is evaluated in coupling reactions using standard peptide synthesis chemistry to assess reactivity and coupling efficiency. The Fmoc protecting group allows for selective deprotection under mild basic conditions (e.g., piperidine). The unsaturated ring may affect the reactivity of the amino group in coupling reactions.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for this dehydroproline derivative typically utilize mammalian cell lines to evaluate compound uptake, cytotoxicity, and effects on cellular metabolism. Standard protocols involve culturing cells in appropriate media at 37°C in 5% CO₂, followed by treatment with varying concentrations of the compound (typically 0.1-100 μM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. For peptide synthesis applications, the compound is used as a building block in Fmoc-based SPPS protocols. The Fmoc group is removed with piperidine after coupling to allow for chain elongation.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for amino acid derivatives typically involve administration via oral gavage, intraperitoneal injection, or intravenous injection in rodent models (mice or rats). Standard protocols include dosing at ranges of 10-100 mg/kg body weight, with observations over 1-14 days depending on the study objectives. For studies evaluating the effects of modified proline-containing peptides, animals may be administered peptide formulations and monitored for therapeutic efficacy or pharmacokinetics. Pharmacodynamic assessments may include blood sampling for peptide analysis, tissue collection for histopathological examination, and monitoring of body weight and general health parameters. All animal studies must comply with institutional ethical guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties for this Fmoc-protected dehydroproline derivative can be inferred from structurally related compounds. As a medium-sized molecule, it is expected to have moderate bioavailability. The Fmoc protecting group is likely to be cleaved in vivo to release the active dehydroproline. The compound shows moderate solubility in organic solvents such as DMSO and can be formulated for in vitro studies. For in vivo administration, formulations using suitable co-solvent systems may be employed. The compound should be stored as powder at -20°C for long-term preservation. Definitive PK parameters such as half-life, Cmax, and AUC require formal studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for this specific compound are limited as it is supplied for research use only and not intended for human therapeutic applications. Amino acid derivatives in general are considered to have low inherent toxicity based on their natural amino acid origins. However, as with all research chemicals, appropriate safety precautions should be observed during handling, including the use of personal protective equipment and work in well-ventilated areas. The compound may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. Acute toxicity studies in animal models would be required to establish LD₅₀ values and no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAEL). For in vitro cytotoxicity assessment, the compound can be tested in mammalian cell lines using standard MTT or LDH release assays.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(S)-1-(((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid is a dehydroproline derivative featuring an Fmoc protecting group on the amino functionality and a 2,5-dihydropyrrole ring. Proline is a cyclic amino acid that introduces conformational constraints into peptide sequences. This compound is used as a building block in Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) for introducing unsaturated proline residues into peptide sequences. It is not an approved drug and has not undergone clinical trials; it is strictly for research purposes.
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| Molecular Formula |
C20H17NO4
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| Molecular Weight |
335.35
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| Exact Mass |
335.115
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| CAS # |
135837-63-7
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| PubChem CID |
11863691
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
549.6±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
286.2±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.653
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| LogP |
2.97
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
538
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O(C(N1C([H])([H])C([H])=C([H])[C@@]1([H])C(=O)O[H])=O)C([H])([H])C1([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12
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| InChi Key |
OALUMAMYGOBVTF-SFHVURJKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H17NO4/c22-19(23)18-10-5-11-21(18)20(24)25-12-17-15-8-3-1-6-13(15)14-7-2-4-9-16(14)17/h1-10,17-18H,11-12H2,(H,22,23)/t18-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-2,5-dihydropyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (298.20 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.45 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9820 mL | 14.9098 mL | 29.8196 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5964 mL | 2.9820 mL | 5.9639 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2982 mL | 1.4910 mL | 2.9820 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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