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| Targets |
Gamma-undecalactone has been shown to act as a noncompetitive glutamate antagonist, which may underlie its anticonvulsant effects. The compound's ability to reduce seizure occurrence positions it as a potential candidate for the development of new epilepsy treatments. It has been tested in animal models for hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic activities. As a flavor additive, it is used in various food and beverage products. The compound also functions as an insect repellent and larvicide.
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| ln Vitro |
In study pertaining to life sciences, gamma-undecalactone is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized as an organic substance or biomaterial.
In vitro, gamma-undecalactone is used as a biochemical assay reagent. The compound's effects on glutamate receptors can be evaluated in cell-based assays. It is commonly used as a flavor additive in food and beverage products. The compound's activity as an insect repellent can be evaluated in insect behavioral assays. Cellular assays typically evaluate its effects on neurotransmitter receptors or cell viability. The compound's fruity smell and flavor properties make it valuable for sensory research. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, gamma-undecalactone has been tested in animal models to understand its dose-dependent effects. It exhibits hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic activities. The compound's ability to reduce seizure occurrence positions it as a potential candidate for epilepsy treatments. It is used as an insect repellent and larvicide for residential and large-scale public health applications. The compound also acts as a repellent for cats and dogs. Its flavor additive properties are widely used in the food industry.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays for gamma-undecalactone typically evaluate its activity as a glutamate antagonist. A standard assay protocol involves incubating the compound with glutamate receptors in appropriate buffer systems. The compound is dissolved in DMSO or ethanol and diluted to working concentrations. Receptor binding affinity is assessed using radioligand binding or fluorescence-based assays. Antagonist activity is evaluated by measuring inhibition of glutamate-induced calcium flux or electrophysiological responses. IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for gamma-undecalactone typically evaluate its effects on glutamate receptor activity or cell viability. A standard protocol involves culturing neuronal or other appropriate cell lines in growth medium at 37°C with 5% CO₂. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of the compound (typically 0.1-1000 μM). Glutamate-induced calcium influx is measured using fluorescent calcium indicators. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or similar assays. IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for gamma-undecalactone have been conducted to evaluate its dose-dependent effects. Studies have demonstrated hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic activities. The compound's ability to reduce seizure occurrence supports its potential as an epilepsy treatment candidate. A typical protocol involves administering the compound to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection at various doses. Behavioral and physiological effects are monitored. Seizure models are used to evaluate anticonvulsant activity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for gamma-undecalactone is limited. The compound has a molecular weight of 184.28 g/mol. It is stored as a liquid at room temperature. As a lactone, the compound may undergo hydrolysis to the corresponding hydroxy acid in biological systems. The compound's lipophilic heptyl chain may influence its distribution and membrane permeability. Specific ADME data is not available in the public literature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for gamma-undecalactone is limited. The compound is generally recognized as safe for use as a flavor additive. It is classified for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary therapeutic applications. Standard safety precautions include handling with appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, lab coat, safety goggles) in a well-ventilated area. The compound should be stored in a dry, cool place away from incompatible materials. Acute toxicity data is not readily available in the public literature.
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| Additional Infomation |
Xi-γ-undecyl lactone is a lactone.
Gamma-undecalactone (CAS 104-67-6) is a biochemical reagent and flavor additive with a molecular weight of 184.28 g/mol. It has been studied for hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and hypothermic activities and acts as a noncompetitive glutamate antagonist. The compound is classified as a research-use-only compound not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is available from multiple commercial suppliers in various pack sizes. No clinical trials or approved drug status exist for this compound. Its applications are in research, flavoring, and insect repellency. |
| Molecular Formula |
C11H20O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
184.28
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| Exact Mass |
184.146
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| CAS # |
104-67-6
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| PubChem CID |
7714
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid（Density：0.949 g/cm3）
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
286.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
112.7±15.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.449
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| LogP |
2.92
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
154
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C1OC(CCCCCCC)CC1
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| InChi Key |
PHXATPHONSXBIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H20O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-10-8-9-11(12)13-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
5-heptyloxolan-2-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (542.65 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4265 mL | 27.1326 mL | 54.2652 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0853 mL | 5.4265 mL | 10.8530 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5427 mL | 2.7133 mL | 5.4265 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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