| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) does not target specific biological receptors; it is a detergent used to extract and stabilize membrane proteins in their native conformation. Its mechanism of action is physicochemical rather than pharmacological. The neopentyl glycol headgroup and two maltose units provide mild, non-denaturing solubilization properties. DMNG interacts with the hydrophobic transmembrane domains of membrane proteins, forming a stable protein-detergent complex (PDC) that mimics the lipid bilayer environment. The low critical micelle concentration (CMC) allows for efficient extraction and reconstitution of membrane proteins into nanodiscs or for crystallization. DMNG preserves the oligomeric state of proteins such as AlkB (a non-heme di-iron alkane hydroxylase), which is critical for functional and structural studies. The detergent does not disrupt protein-protein interactions or enzymatic activity, making it superior to harsher detergents.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Following purification, P. putida AlkB (PpAlkB-SII) hydroxylase activity is maintained by decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG)[1].
In vitro, Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is used as a biochemical reagent to stabilize membrane proteins. It does not exhibit biological activity as a drug; rather, it enables the study of biological activity of membrane proteins. For example, DMNG has been shown to preserve the catalytic activity of purified AlkB hydroxylase from Pseudomonas putida (PpAlkB-SII) after protein purification. The detergent maintains the oligomeric state of AlkB (a non-heme di-iron enzyme), allowing it to remain functional in in vitro enzymatic assays. In these assays, AlkB activity is measured by the conversion of alkanes to alcohols, and DMNG-treated preparations show activity comparable to that in native membranes. DMNG also preserves the stability of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and other transmembrane proteins for downstream applications such as ligand binding studies, fluorescence spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The compound is non-toxic to cells at the concentrations typically used for protein extraction. |
| ln Vivo |
Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is not used for in vivo administration and does not exhibit in vivo biological activity. It is intended solely for in vitro biochemical applications, particularly for membrane protein solubilization, purification, stabilization, and structural studies. The compound is not administered to animals or humans as a therapeutic agent. Its utility lies entirely in the laboratory setting. Researchers use DMNG to extract and purify membrane proteins from cellular membranes, and these purified proteins can then be used for functional studies (e.g., enzyme activity assays, ligand binding), structural biology (e.g., X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy), or reconstitution into artificial membranes (e.g., liposomes, nanodiscs). The detergent is not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A standard non-cellular protocol for using Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) as a detergent for membrane protein extraction involves preparation of a stock solution. DMNG is weighed out and dissolved in an appropriate buffer (e.g., 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM imidazole) to a final concentration of 1-2% (w/v). The solution is stirred until clear; gentle heating (up to 37degC) may be used to aid dissolution. For membrane protein extraction, cell membranes (e.g., E. coli expressing recombinant AlkB or a GPCR) are resuspended in the buffer at a protein concentration of 5-10 mg/mL. DMNG is added to a final concentration of 0.5-1.0% (w/v) from the stock solution. The mixture is incubated at 4degC for 1-2 hours with gentle agitation. Insoluble material is removed by centrifugation at 40,000 g for 30-60 minutes at 4degC. The supernatant (solubilized membrane proteins) is collected. For purification, the solubilized proteins can be subjected to affinity chromatography (e.g., Ni-NTA for His-tagged proteins) in buffer containing 0.03-0.1% DMNG (below the CMC) to maintain protein stability. The purity and oligomeric state are analyzed by SDS-PAGE, size-exclusion chromatography, or native PAGE.
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| Cell Assay |
A typical in vitro cellular protocol for using Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is not applicable because DMNG is used for protein extraction and purification, not for treatment of live cells. However, a protocol can be described for the downstream application of purified proteins (e.g., AlkB) in an enzymatic activity assay. After purification using DMNG, the enzyme (e.g., AlkB) is diluted in assay buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 10% glycerol, 0.03% DMNG) to a concentration of 0.5-2 ug per reaction. The substrate (e.g., hexadecane or other alkane, 100 uM) and cofactors (e.g., 10 uM Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2, 1 mM ascorbate, 1 mM alpha-ketoglutarate) are added. The reaction is initiated by adding AlkB and incubated at 25degC for 30-60 minutes. The reaction is terminated by adding an equal volume of acetonitrile. The product (e.g., 1-hexadecanol) is extracted and quantified by GC-MS. The enzyme activity is calculated as nmol of product produced per minute per mg of protein. DMNG in the buffer ensures enzyme stability without inhibiting catalytic activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
An in vivo animal protocol for Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is not applicable, as the compound is not administered in vivo. It is a research-grade detergent used exclusively in vitro for biochemical applications. Should a researcher wish to administer a membrane protein purified using DMNG into an animal model (e.g., for vaccine development or therapeutic protein delivery), the DMNG must be removed or exchanged for a biocompatible detergent (e.g., by detergent exchange using dialysis or by reconstituting the protein into liposomes or nanodiscs). The animal protocol would then follow the standard procedure for that specific protein or formulation. DMNG itself should not be injected into animals, as it has not been tested for biocompatibility or toxicity. It is for research use only.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) data for Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) are not available, as the compound is a detergent used in biochemical research and is not intended for in vivo administration. DMNG is not a drug candidate, and no studies have been conducted on its absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion. The compound is not used in animals or humans; therefore, pharmacokinetic parameters such as Cmax, Tmax, AUC, and half-life are not relevant. The molecular weight is 949.08 g/mol, and the compound is soluble in water. It has a low critical micelle concentration (CMC) and forms micelles above its CMC. For research purposes, the compound is stable for long-term storage when kept at 4degC or -20degC, protected from light and moisture. The compound should be stored away from moisture to prevent degradation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is a laboratory detergent and has not been evaluated for toxicity in the context of drug development. It is not intended for human or animal use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling DMNG, including the use of gloves, lab coats, and safety glasses. Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and direct skin or eye contact. In case of contact, rinse skin or eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if irritation persists. The compound is not known to be highly toxic, but as with all laboratory chemicals, it should be handled with care. The compound should be stored at 4degC in a tightly sealed container, protected from light and moisture, and kept away from incompatible materials. DMNG is for research use only and should not be used in humans or animals for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
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| References |
[1]. Hernan Alonso, et al. Characterization and two-dimensional crystallization of membrane component AlkB of the medium-chain alkane hydroxylase system from Pseudomonas putida GPo1. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Nov;78(22):7946-53.
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| Additional Infomation |
Decyl maltose neopentyl glycol (DMNG) is a neopentyl glycol detergent (MNG) widely used in membrane protein research. Its low critical micelle concentration (CMC) and high solubility make it ideal for solubilizing and stabilizing membrane proteins in their native oligomeric state. DMNG (2,2-dioctylpropane-1,3-bis-beta-D-maltopyranoside) has a molecular weight of 949.08 g/mol and a molecular formula of C43H80O22. The detergent preserves the catalytic activity of enzymes such as AlkB (non-heme di-iron alkane hydroxylase) and does not disrupt protein-protein interactions. It is used in the extraction, purification, crystallization, and cryo-EM analysis of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), ion channels, transporters, and other integral membrane proteins. DMNG is also used for reconstitution of membrane proteins into artificial membranes. It is for research use only and is not intended for human therapeutic or diagnostic applications. The product should be stored at 4degC, protected from light and moisture, and is typically ≥98% pure.
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| Molecular Formula |
C43H80O22
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
949.08
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| Exact Mass |
948.514
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| CAS # |
1257852-99-5
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| PubChem CID |
122398623
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.41±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1083.6±65.0 °C
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| LogP |
-0.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
14
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
22
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
28
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| Heavy Atom Count |
65
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| Complexity |
1200
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
20
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| SMILES |
O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O)O)CC(CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O)O)O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC
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| InChi Key |
GDAZOFIUKHGYGD-VLJUBQHSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C43H80O22/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-43(16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2,21-58-39-35(56)31(52)37(25(19-46)62-39)64-41-33(54)29(50)27(48)23(17-44)60-41)22-59-40-36(57)32(53)38(26(20-47)63-40)65-42-34(55)30(51)28(49)24(18-45)61-42/h23-42,44-57H,3-22H2,1-2H3/t23-,24-,25-,26-,27-,28-,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[2-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-2-octyldecoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (105.37 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.63 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (2.63 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.63 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.0537 mL | 5.2683 mL | 10.5365 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2107 mL | 1.0537 mL | 2.1073 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1054 mL | 0.5268 mL | 1.0537 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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