| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
CCK receptor 2 (CCK2), also known as CCK-B. The desulfated octapeptide acts as a selective agonist of the CCK2 receptor. The presence of a sulfate ester on the tyrosine residue of the native peptide is critical for high-affinity binding to the CCK1 (CCK-A) receptor. The absence of this modification in the desulfated analog drastically reduces its affinity for CCK1 while retaining appreciable binding and agonistic activity at CCK2.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, desulfated CCK-8 functions as a CCK2 receptor agonist and a CCK1 receptor antagonist. It has a potency threefold less than the sulfated form at CCK receptors but can still interact with CCK1 receptors as an antagonist. It also functions as a selective agonist for CCK2 receptors. Studies have shown it has an affinity for CCK2 receptors and is able to lower blood pressure in model systems.
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| ln Vivo |
Desulfated CCK-8 has been shown to lower blood pressure in animal models, indicating its biological activity in the cardiovascular system. As a CCK2-preferring agonist, it can mimic some of the central and peripheral effects of the native peptide, including regulation of satiety, nociception, and anxiety, but with a different potency profile due to its distinct receptor selectivity.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A standard receptor binding assay for CCK peptides involves using radiolabeled ligands, such as 125I-Bolton-Hunter-CCK-8 (125I-BH-CCK-8), and membrane preparations from cells or tissues that express CCK receptors, such as rat pancreatic acini (for CCK1) or guinea pig cerebral cortex (for CCK2). The assay is performed by incubating the membranes with a fixed concentration of the radioligand and varying concentrations of the test peptide. Bound radioligand is separated from free via filtration, and radioactivity is counted to calculate the inhibition constant (Ki).
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| Cell Assay |
A functional cellular assay for CCK receptor activity is based on measuring intracellular calcium mobilization. CCK receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and their activation typically leads to an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels. Cells expressing either CCK1 or CCK2 receptors are loaded with a calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye (e.g., Fluo-4). Upon stimulation with the test peptide, the change in fluorescence is recorded in real-time to determine the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) for agonistic activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
An in vivo model for testing CCK peptides involves measuring food intake or satiety in rodents. Food-deprived rats or mice are administered the test compound (via intraperitoneal or intracerebroventricular injection), and their subsequent food consumption is measured over a period of several hours. A CCK2-selective agonist would be expected to reduce food intake, though the effect might differ in magnitude from the sulfated form. Other models include monitoring the effect on blood pressure.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Typical for a peptide, desulfated CCK-8 is expected to have poor oral bioavailability and a short plasma half-life due to rapid degradation by proteases in the gastrointestinal tract and serum. Therefore, in research settings, it is typically administered via injection (e.g., intraperitoneally, intravenously, or intracerebroventricularly) to achieve systemic or central effects. In vitro, it is stable in the context of the experimental duration when dissolved in appropriate buffers.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
As a research peptide, the toxicity of desulfated CCK-8 is not thoroughly characterized, but it is generally considered to have low toxicity at standard research dosages. Native CCK and its analogs are known to be safe at physiological concentrations, with potential side effects including nausea, gallbladder contraction, and pancreatic secretion if administered at very high doses. For in vitro use, standard safety precautions for handling peptides are sufficient.
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| References |
[1]. L R Johnson, et al. Effect of sulfation on the gastrointestinal actions of caerulein. Gastroenterology. 1970 Feb;58(2):208-16.
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| Additional Infomation |
This desulfated form of CCK-8 is a crucial pharmacological tool for dissecting the distinct roles of the CCK1 and CCK2 receptors. While the sulfated form (CCK-8-S) is a potent, non-selective agonist for both receptors, the desulfated form (CCK-8-NS) is highly selective for CCK2. This selectivity makes it invaluable for studies on CCK2-mediated functions in the brain and gastrointestinal tract without the confounding effects of CCK1 activation, and for investigating the role of tyrosine sulfation in receptor-ligand interactions.
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| Molecular Formula |
C49H62N10O13S2.C2HF3O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1177.23
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| Exact Mass |
1176.386
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| CAS # |
171486-94-5
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| Related CAS # |
Cholecystokinin Octapeptide, desulfated;25679-24-7
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| PubChem CID |
137700158
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
14
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
21
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
31
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| Heavy Atom Count |
81
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| Complexity |
2010
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
7
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| SMILES |
CSCC[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)N.C(=O)(C(F)(F)F)O
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| InChi Key |
HTIRPVYNGDRDRP-ITZXPNBCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C49H62N10O13S2.C2HF3O2/c1-73-18-16-34(55-47(70)37(21-28-12-14-30(60)15-13-28)58-44(67)32(50)23-41(62)63)45(68)53-26-40(61)54-38(22-29-25-52-33-11-7-6-10-31(29)33)48(71)56-35(17-19-74-2)46(69)59-39(24-42(64)65)49(72)57-36(43(51)66)20-27-8-4-3-5-9-27;3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h3-15,25,32,34-39,52,60H,16-24,26,50H2,1-2H3,(H2,51,66)(H,53,68)(H,54,61)(H,55,70)(H,56,71)(H,57,72)(H,58,67)(H,59,69)(H,62,63)(H,64,65);(H,6,7)/t32-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,39-;/m0./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3S)-3-amino-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-carboxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 50 mg/mL (42.47 mM)
H2O: < 0.1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.12 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.12 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8495 mL | 4.2473 mL | 8.4945 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1699 mL | 0.8495 mL | 1.6989 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0849 mL | 0.4247 mL | 0.8495 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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