| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
It serves as a substrate for laccase and other enzymes in the DHN-melanin biosynthesis pathway. Its primary biological role is as a precursor to melanin.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
It is believed that type 1 polyketide synthase (PKS) directly produces 1,3,6,8-Tetrahydroxynaphthalene (T4HN), an early precursor of the pentaketide pathway, from malonyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA [2].
The compound is a precursor in the DHN melanin biosynthesis pathway. Its "activity" is its role in a biosynthetic pathway. It is converted by a series of enzymatic steps into DHN melanin, a pigment important for fungal virulence and survival. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, T4HN is a key precursor for melanin production in various organisms, including fungi. In fungal pathogens, melanin is a virulence factor that protects against host immune defenses. Inhibition of T4HN production is a potential strategy for antifungal therapy.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The activity of enzymes in the DHN-melanin pathway can be assessed using T4HN as a substrate. For instance, laccase activity is measured by incubating the enzyme with T4HN and monitoring the formation of oxidized products spectrophotometrically. The conversion of T4HN to downstream products can be analyzed by HPLC.
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| Cell Assay |
T4HN can be added to fungal cell cultures to study melanin biosynthesis. The production of melanin can be quantified spectrophotometrically, and the effect of potential inhibitors on the pathway can be assessed by measuring the accumulation of T4HN.
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| Animal Protocol |
The role of T4HN in melanin biosynthesis is often studied in fungal infection models. Mutant strains deficient in T4HN production are used to assess the importance of melanin for virulence in animal models of fungal infection. The compound itself is not administered as a therapeutic agent.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties are not relevant for T4HN as it is a research chemical and metabolic intermediate. Its physical properties are characterized: molecular weight 192.17 g/mol and formula C10H8O4. It is soluble in DMSO (90 mg/mL).
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for T4HN are not typically detailed. As a chemical intermediate, it should be handled with standard laboratory precautions. Its safety profile would depend on its concentration and route of exposure, but dedicated toxicology studies are not common for this research compound.
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| Additional Infomation |
Naphthalene-1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene is a naphthalene tetraol with hydroxyl groups substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, and 8. 1,3,6,8-Tetrahydroxynaphthalene has been reported in Glarea lozoyensis, Nodulisporium, and other organisms with available data.
T4HN is a key research tool for studying the DHN-melanin biosynthesis pathway. This pathway is of significant interest in mycology because DHN melanin is a critical virulence factor for several important human fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus. Understanding this pathway is crucial for developing new antifungal strategies. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H8O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
192.17
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| Exact Mass |
192.042
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| CAS # |
18512-30-6
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| PubChem CID |
440202
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| Appearance |
Light brown to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.638g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
407.1ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
208.9ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
3.29E-07mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.832
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| LogP |
1.662
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
188
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1(O)C2C(=CC(O)=CC=2O)C=C(O)C=1
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| InChi Key |
BCMKHWMDTMUUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H8O4/c11-6-1-5-2-7(12)4-9(14)10(5)8(13)3-6/h1-4,11-14H
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| Chemical Name |
naphthalene-1,3,6,8-tetrol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 125 mg/mL (650.47 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2037 mL | 26.0186 mL | 52.0373 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0407 mL | 5.2037 mL | 10.4075 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5204 mL | 2.6019 mL | 5.2037 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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