| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
β-Phellandrene does not have a single, well-defined biological target. As a small lipophilic molecule, it can interact with various cellular components, including cell membranes and proteins. Its biological effects are thought to be mediated through multiple mechanisms, such as modulation of enzyme activity and interaction with membrane receptors. The compound's primary utility is as a flavor and fragrance ingredient, and its biological activities are secondary areas of research.
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| ln Vitro |
β-Phellandrene has been investigated for various in vitro biological activities. It has shown antimicrobial activity against certain bacteria and fungi. It also exhibits antioxidant properties, as demonstrated by its ability to scavenge free radicals in cell-free assays. Additionally, it has been studied for its anti-inflammatory effects in cell culture models. However, its potency is generally moderate compared to dedicated pharmaceutical agents.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, β-Phellandrene is used primarily as a flavoring agent in food and as a fragrance in cosmetics and household products. When ingested or applied topically, it is generally considered safe at the low concentrations used for these purposes. In research, it has been studied in animal models for its potential anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and gastroprotective effects, but these studies are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
β-Phellandrene is not evaluated through standard pharmacological enzyme assays. Its chemical properties are characterized, including its boiling point (171-172°C), flash point (44°C), and density (0.84). Its purity is typically assessed by gas chromatography (GC). As a volatile liquid, it is handled using standard organic chemistry techniques.
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| Cell Assay |
β-Phellandrene is not used in cell culture for pharmacological studies. It can be added to cell media to assess its potential cytotoxic or cytoprotective effects, but its volatility and lipophilicity make such experiments challenging. Its effects on cell viability, inflammatory markers, or oxidative stress can be measured using standard assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
β-Phellandrene is not typically administered to animals as a therapeutic agent. In research settings, it may be administered orally or intraperitoneally to study its effects on models of inflammation, pain, or gastric ulcers. The doses used vary, and its pharmacokinetics in animals are not well characterized.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
β-Phellandrene has a molecular weight of 136.23 g/mol and a molecular formula of C10H16. It is a volatile, lipophilic liquid with a boiling point of 171-172°C and a flash point of 44°C. It is practically insoluble in water (4.8e-3 g/L at 25°C). It is soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and oils. Its pharmacokinetics are characterized by rapid absorption and distribution due to its lipophilicity, followed by metabolism and excretion.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
β-Phellandrene is considered to have low acute toxicity. It is classified as a flammable liquid and can cause skin and eye irritation. Prolonged or high-level exposure may cause respiratory irritation. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use as a food additive by the FDA. However, as with all essential oil components, it should be used with caution and in accordance with good manufacturing practices.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
β-Phappenene is one of a pair of cyclic monoterpenoid double-bond isomers of phappenene, one of which is an outer ring double bond (unlike α-phappenene, where both double bonds are inner ring double bonds). It is a plant metabolite. β-Phappenene has been reported in Helichrysum taenari, Pinus densiflora, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Top (part) of Cannabis sativa subsp. indica.
β-Phellandrene is a well-known flavor and fragrance ingredient, valued for its fresh, peppery aroma. It is a major component of the essential oils of several plants, including eucalyptus radiata. In addition to its commercial applications, it is a compound of interest in natural product chemistry and pharmacology. Studies have explored its potential as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agent. It is not a drug and is not approved for therapeutic use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H16
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
136.23
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| Exact Mass |
136.125
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 88.16; H, 11.84
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| CAS # |
555-10-2
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| PubChem CID |
11142
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
0.82g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
175ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
44ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.466
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| LogP |
3.164
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
151
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(C)C1C=CC(=C)CC1
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| InChi Key |
LFJQCDVYDGGFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,6,8,10H,3,5,7H2,1-2H3
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| Chemical Name |
3-methylidene-6-propan-2-ylcyclohexene
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| Synonyms |
β-Phellandrene; β Phellandrene; βPhellandrene; (±)-β-Phellandrene; (±) β-Phellandrene; (±)β-Phellandrene; NSC-53044; NSC 53044; NSC53044
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (734.05 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.3405 mL | 36.7026 mL | 73.4053 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4681 mL | 7.3405 mL | 14.6811 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7341 mL | 3.6703 mL | 7.3405 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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