| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride itself does not have a specific biological target; rather, it is a metabolic labeling reagent. Its primary "target" is the cellular protein synthesis machinery, particularly the methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) enzyme, which misincorporates it into proteins in place of methionine. Once incorporated into proteins, the azide group serves as a chemical handle for bioorthogonal conjugation. The compound's utility is as a probe for studying protein synthesis and function, not as an inhibitor of a specific enzyme or receptor.
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| ln Vitro |
After being transfected with pMaRSC and treated for six hours with 1.5 mM of L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride (AnI), CHO cells were permeabilized, fixed, and given alkyne-TAMRA treatment. Anl cells selectively incorporated cellular proteins, as evidenced by the observation of TAMRA fluorescence exclusively in mCherry-expressing cells [1].
L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride is used to label mammalian cell proteins. Its incorporation into proteins can be detected by reacting the azide group with fluorescent or affinity tags via click chemistry. This allows for the visualization and identification of newly synthesized proteins in cells, providing insights into protein dynamics and cellular responses to stimuli. It does not have a pharmacological activity in the traditional sense but rather serves as a chemical probe for studying protein biology. |
| ln Vivo |
To label and identify neuronal populations in the brain, an average daily intake of L-Azidonorleucine (ANL) of 0.9 mg/day/g body weight over a period of 21 days is advised when ANL is delivered through drinking water. Other cell types can be labeled with lower doses or shorter labeling times. It is advised to experiment with various intraperitoneal injection doses of L-azidonorleucine within the 4-400 mM range. It is advised to use intraperitoneal injection; to label specific neuronal populations (such as the excitatory neurons in the hippocampus), a 400 mM dose (ip volume: 10 ml/kg) should be administered once daily for one week. When labeling different cell types or when longer labeling times are needed, lower doses—such as 4 mM—may be used [2].
In vivo, L-Azidonorleucine can be administered to animals via drinking water or intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection to label proteins in various tissues, including the brain. An average daily intake of 0.9 mg/day/g of body weight for 21 days in drinking water is recommended for labeling neuronal populations. For i.p. injection, doses ranging from 4-400 mM are recommended, with a 400 mM dosage (i.p. volume: 10 ml/kg) once per day for 1 week suggested for labeling some neuronal populations, such as excitatory neurons of the hippocampus. Lower dosages (e.g., 4 mM) can be used for labeling other cell types or for longer labeling periods. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The compound is used as a reagent for metabolic labeling of proteins. In a typical in vitro labeling experiment, cells are cultured in methionine-free medium supplemented with L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride. The cells are then incubated for a defined period to allow incorporation of the azide-labeled amino acid into newly synthesized proteins. After cell lysis, the labeled proteins are detected and enriched by reacting the azide groups with an alkyne-functionalized biotin or fluorescent dye via click chemistry, followed by Western blot or mass spectrometry analysis.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular assays, L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride is added to the cell culture medium of adherent or suspension cells. The typical concentration and incubation time vary depending on the cell type and the experimental objective. Following labeling, cells can be fixed and subjected to click chemistry to attach a fluorophore, allowing for the visualization of newly synthesized proteins by fluorescence microscopy. Alternatively, cell lysates can be used for click chemistry-based enrichment of labeled proteins for proteomic analysis.
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| Animal Protocol |
L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride can be administered to animals via drinking water or intraperitoneal injection. For oral administration, the compound is dissolved in the drinking water at a concentration that provides the desired daily dose. For i.p. injection, it is dissolved in a suitable vehicle such as saline. The labeled tissues are then harvested, and proteins are extracted. The azide-labeled proteins can be conjugated to affinity tags via click chemistry and identified by mass spectrometry to analyze newly synthesized proteins in specific tissues or under different physiological conditions.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride has a molecular weight of 208.65 g/mol and a molecular formula of C6H13ClN4O2. It is a white to off-white solid. The compound is soluble in water (up to 100 mM) and DMSO. It is light-sensitive, moisture-sensitive, and heat-sensitive, and should be stored at -20°C under an inert gas to maintain stability. Its purity is typically >95%.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Based on GHS classification, L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride is labeled with the signal word "Warning." Hazard statements include H315 (Causes skin irritation), H319 (Causes serious eye irritation), and H335 (May cause respiratory irritation). Precautionary statements include P264 (Wash hands thoroughly after handling), P280 (Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection), P305+P351+P338 (IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes), and P337+P313 (If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention).
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Azidonorleucine hydrochloride is a high-purity research reagent used in chemical biology and proteomics. Its primary applications include the site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins and bioorthogonal conjugation. It is used for labeling mammalian cell proteins and identifying methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) mutants. The compound enables the study of protein synthesis, turnover, and function with high temporal and spatial resolution. It is not intended for therapeutic or clinical use and is strictly for laboratory research.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H13CLN4O2
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| Molecular Weight |
208.65
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| Exact Mass |
208.072
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| CAS # |
1454334-76-9
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| PubChem CID |
121235322
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
188
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C(CCN=[N+]=[N-])C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N.Cl
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| InChi Key |
RCEAACZNVVRXSJ-JEDNCBNOSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H12N4O2.ClH/c7-5(6(11)12)3-1-2-4-9-10-8;/h5H,1-4,7H2,(H,11,12);1H/t5-;/m0./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-6-azidohexanoic acid;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL (599.09 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (479.27 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.7927 mL | 23.9636 mL | 47.9272 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9585 mL | 4.7927 mL | 9.5854 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4793 mL | 2.3964 mL | 4.7927 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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