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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Butopyronoxyl targets the olfactory receptors of insects, particularly mosquitoes, to exert its repellent effects. The compound interferes with the insect's ability to detect host cues such as carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and body heat. By blocking or modulating olfactory receptor function, Butopyronoxyl prevents insects from locating and biting their hosts. The compound's mechanism of action is similar to other synthetic repellents. Further research is needed to identify its specific molecular targets in insect olfactory systems.
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| ln Vitro |
It is true that indalone lessens A's appeal. variegatum to the pheromone, causing A to become repulsed. variegatum in the air stream when it is exhibited alone[1].
In vitro studies of Butopyronoxyl have focused on its efficacy as an insect repellent. The compound's ability to repel mosquitoes and other biting insects has been evaluated using various in vitro assay systems. Its olfactory receptor blocking activity has been characterized using electrophysiological methods. The compound's stability and efficacy have been assessed under various conditions. These in vitro findings support its applications in insect repellent research and development. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have demonstrated that Butopyronoxyl is effective as an insect repellent in animal models and human subjects. The compound provides protection against mosquito bites when applied to the skin. Its efficacy and duration of action have been evaluated in various in vivo studies. The compound's safety and tolerability have been assessed in animal models. Further research is needed to fully characterize its in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and to evaluate its efficacy against different insect species.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Butopyronoxyl typically involve testing its repellent activity using olfactometer or choice-chamber assays. Insects are exposed to the compound and their behavior is monitored to assess repellent efficacy. Electrophysiological methods such as electroantennography are used to measure olfactory receptor responses to the compound. For safety assessment, standard toxicology assays are performed. All assays are performed with appropriate controls and standardized protocols to ensure reproducibility of results.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Butopyronoxyl involve culturing insect olfactory receptor-expressing cells to evaluate its effects on receptor function. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of the compound and receptor activation is measured using calcium imaging or electrophysiological methods. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or similar colorimetric assays. For safety assessment, mammalian cell lines are treated with the compound and cytotoxicity is evaluated. All experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate controls to ensure statistical reliability.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Butopyronoxyl utilize rodent models to evaluate its insect repellent efficacy and safety. Animals are treated with the compound and exposed to mosquitoes or other biting insects. The number of bites or feeding events is recorded to assess repellent efficacy. For safety studies, animals are treated with the compound and observed for signs of toxicity. Parameters assessed include body weight, skin irritation, and general health. Control groups receiving vehicle alone are included for comparison. All procedures comply with institutional animal care and use committee guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of Butopyronoxyl reflect its nature as a small synthetic repellent compound. It has a molecular weight consistent with its structure. As a lipophilic compound, it is absorbed through the skin and distributed throughout the body. The compound is metabolized through standard xenobiotic pathways in the liver. Its duration of action as a repellent is limited by its volatility and metabolism. Complete pharmacokinetic profiling including half-life, clearance, and bioavailability would require further systematic studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Non-Human Toxicity Values
Oral LD50 in rats: 7400 mg/kg Oral LD50 in mice: 11,600 mg/kg Oral LD50 in rabbits: 5400 mg/kg Oral LD50 in guinea pigs: 3200 mg/kg The toxicity profile of Butopyronoxyl has been evaluated in the context of its use as an insect repellent. The compound is generally considered safe for topical application at recommended concentrations. Skin irritation and allergic reactions are possible side effects. Proper handling procedures including use of personal protective equipment are recommended when working with pure compound. The compound is not approved for human therapeutic use and is intended for research purposes only. Long-term toxicity studies would be needed to fully establish its safety profile. |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Butopyronoxyl belongs to the pyran group of compounds and is a carbonyl compound.
Butopyronoxyl (CAS# 532-34-3) is an insect repellent and mosquito repellent compound. Also known as butyl 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylate, it is a synthetic repellent used to protect against insect bites. The compound is effective against mosquitoes and other biting insects. Butopyronoxyl is used in research applications for studying insect repellent mechanisms and efficacy. It is intended for research use only and is not for human therapeutic use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H18O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
226.27
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| Exact Mass |
226.121
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| CAS # |
532-34-3
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| PubChem CID |
10760
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.054 g/mL at 25ºC(lit.)
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| Boiling Point |
272.1ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
25°C
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| Flash Point |
112.7ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.477(lit.)
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| LogP |
1.981
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
16
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| Complexity |
315
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O1
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| InChi Key |
OKIJSNGRQAOIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H18O4/c1-4-5-6-15-11(14)10-7-9(13)8-12(2,3)16-10/h7H,4-6,8H2,1-3H3
|
| Chemical Name |
butyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-3H-pyran-6-carboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 100 mg/mL (441.95 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.4195 mL | 22.0975 mL | 44.1950 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8839 mL | 4.4195 mL | 8.8390 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4419 mL | 2.2097 mL | 4.4195 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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