| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not a pharmacological target; environmental metabolite and exposure biomarker. TCPy is not a drug and does not have a specific pharmacological target. It is the primary metabolite and environmental degradation product of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos. The compound's biological effects are related to its toxicity as a chlorinated pyridinol. It may have endocrine-disrupting effects and has been associated with various health concerns. The compound is used as a biomarker for chlorpyrifos exposure in human biomonitoring studies.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
TCPy is not a pharmacologically active compound but rather a metabolite and environmental pollutant. In vitro studies have shown that TCPy may have endocrine-disrupting effects, including interference with estrogen and androgen signaling. It may also affect thyroid function. The compound's cytotoxicity has been assessed in various cell lines. However, its primary significance is as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure rather than as a biologically active compound per se.
|
| ln Vivo |
TCPy is detected in human urine as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure. The compound has been detected in environmental samples and in the urine of individuals exposed to chlorpyrifos, including agricultural workers and the general population. TCPy has been associated with various health effects in epidemiological studies, including neurodevelopmental effects in children and endocrine disruption. The compound is persistent in the environment and can accumulate in soil and water.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for TCPy include analytical methods for its detection and quantification in environmental and biological samples. Standard methods include gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. These methods are used for environmental monitoring, exposure assessment, and toxicokinetic studies. The compound's physicochemical properties, including solubility and stability, are determined using standard protocols.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for TCPy assess its cytotoxicity and potential endocrine-disrupting effects. Various cell lines (e.g., MCF-7 for estrogenic activity, HeLa for cytotoxicity) are treated with TCPy at various concentrations. Cell viability is measured using MTT or similar assays. Endocrine-disrupting activity is assessed using reporter gene assays for estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR), or thyroid receptor (TR) activation. The compound's effects on gene expression and cell signaling can be studied using qPCR and Western blot.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of TCPy are primarily toxicological and exposure-related. The compound has been studied in animal models to assess its toxicity and pharmacokinetics. TCPy is detected in urine as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure. Toxicological studies have assessed its effects on development, reproduction, and endocrine function. The compound has been associated with neurodevelopmental effects in animal studies. Environmental studies assess its persistence and transport in soil and water.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol is a known human metabolite of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos. TCPy has a molecular formula of C₅H₂Cl₃NO and a molecular weight of approximately 198.43 g/mol. It is a chlorinated pyridinol compound. TCPy is more water-soluble than chlorpyrifos and is persistent in the environment. It is detected in human urine as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure. The compound should be stored under recommended conditions. It is intended for research use only and is not for human consumption. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
TCPy is toxicologically relevant as a metabolite and environmental degradation product of chlorpyrifos. It has been associated with various health effects, including neurodevelopmental effects in children, endocrine disruption, and potential carcinogenicity. The compound may have endocrine-disrupting effects by interfering with hormone signaling. It should be handled with appropriate safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment. It is intended for research use only.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol is a hydroxypyridine with the structure pyridin-2-ol, where chlorine atoms are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 6. It is a metabolite of the pesticide chlorpyrifos. It is both a human urinary metabolite and a metabolite of exogenous substances in humans. It is a chloropyridine and a hydroxypyridine, and also a tautomer of 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-one. 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol has been reported and data are available for detection in bovine (Bos taurus) and Euglena gracilis.
3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) is the primary metabolite and environmental degradation product of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos, which is widely used in agriculture for pest control. TCPy is more water-soluble and persistent than chlorpyrifos and is commonly detected in environmental samples and in human urine as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure. The compound has been associated with various health concerns, including neurodevelopmental effects and endocrine disruption. It is used as a reference standard for environmental monitoring, exposure assessment, and toxicological research. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H2CL3NO
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
198.43
|
| Exact Mass |
196.92
|
| CAS # |
6515-38-4
|
| Related CAS # |
37439-34-2 (hydrochloride salt)
|
| PubChem CID |
23017
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
325.0±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
208 - 209 °C
|
| Flash Point |
150.4±26.5 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.617
|
| LogP |
2.16
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
10
|
| Complexity |
243
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C1=C(C(=O)NC(=C1Cl)Cl)Cl
|
| InChi Key |
WCYYAQFQZQEUEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H2Cl3NO/c6-2-1-3(7)5(10)9-4(2)8/h1H,(H,9,10)
|
| Chemical Name |
3,5,6-trichloro-1H-pyridin-2-one
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 32.5 mg/mL (163.79 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (16.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 32.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 3.25 mg/mL (16.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 32.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0396 mL | 25.1978 mL | 50.3956 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0079 mL | 5.0396 mL | 10.0791 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5040 mL | 2.5198 mL | 5.0396 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
