| Size | Price | |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Glycine-N-acylase; propionyl-CoA metabolism. Propionylglycine is a glycine-conjugated form of propionic acid produced by glycine-N-acylase from propionyl-CoA. Propionyl-CoA is a catabolic intermediate that accumulates when propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity is deficient. The compound serves as a metabolic biomarker for propionic acidemia and other inborn errors of metabolism. It does not have a defined pharmacological target but is used to study metabolic pathways and enzyme deficiencies.
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| ln Vitro |
Propionylglycine is a metabolite rather than a pharmacologically active compound with direct in vitro activity. It is used as a biomarker for metabolic disorders, particularly propionic acidemia. Derivatives of propionylglycine, such as 2-mercaptopropionylglycine, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity and the ability to limit PGE₂ biosynthesis. The compound’s primary utility lies in its role as a diagnostic marker and research tool for studying amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.
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| ln Vivo |
Propionylglycine is produced in vivo by glycine-N-acylase from propionyl-CoA in the mitochondria. Urinary levels are elevated in patients with propionic acidemia, a condition characterized by vomiting, lethargy, protein intolerance, and failure to thrive. The compound serves as a diagnostic biomarker for this inborn error of metabolism. It is not administered as a therapeutic agent but is measured in biological samples for metabolic research and clinical diagnostics.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for propionylglycine are primarily analytical, using HPLC-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) for quantification in human urine. The compound serves as a reference standard for method validation and quality control in metabolomics studies. Standard physicochemical properties such as melting point (126-127°C), boiling point (382.6°C), and solubility (DMF, DMSO, ethanol, PBS) are determined using standard protocols.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for propionylglycine are not commonly performed, as the compound is a metabolite and biomarker rather than a pharmacologically active agent. It is used in studies of cellular metabolism to assess the effects of propionyl-CoA accumulation and glycine conjugation pathways. The compound may be used in cell culture models of propionic acidemia to study metabolic dysregulation. Cytotoxicity is not typically assessed for this compound.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of propionylglycine are conducted in animal models of propionic acidemia and other metabolic disorders. Urinary levels of the compound are measured to assess metabolic flux and enzyme activity. The compound is not administered as a therapeutic agent but is used as a biomarker to monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy in preclinical models of inborn errors of metabolism.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Propionylglycine has a molecular formula of C₅H₉NO₃ and a molecular weight of 131.13 g/mol. It is soluble in DMF (30 mg/mL), DMSO (30 mg/mL), ethanol (15 mg/mL), and PBS (pH 7.2, 10 mg/mL). The compound should be stored as a powder at -20°C. In solution, it can be stored at -80°C for 6 months or at -20°C for 1 month. Shipping is performed with blue ice for evaluation samples.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Propionylglycine is a normal minor metabolite of fatty acids, and its excretion is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism. It is not considered toxic at physiological levels. However, elevated urinary levels indicate metabolic dysfunction, particularly propionic acidemia. The compound is intended for research use only and is not for human therapeutic applications. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling this compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Propionylglycine is an N-acylglycine formed by the condensation of the carboxyl group of propionic acid and the amino group of glycine. It is one of the metabolic products of human urine, functionally related to propionic acid, and is the conjugate acid of Propionylglycine.
Propionylglycine (N-Propionylglycine, NSC 158539) is an acyl glycine and a glycine-conjugated form of propionic acid. It is produced by glycine-N-acylase from propionyl-CoA and serves as a biomarker for propionic acidemia. The compound is used in research for studying amino acid metabolism, energy production, and inborn errors of metabolism. It is not approved for therapeutic use and is intended for research and analytical applications only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H9NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
131.13
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| Exact Mass |
131.058
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| CAS # |
21709-90-0
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| PubChem CID |
98681
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.174g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
382.6ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
185.2ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
6.49E-07mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.456
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| LogP |
0.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
9
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| Complexity |
121
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCC(NCC(O)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
WOMAZEJKVZLLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H9NO3/c1-2-4(7)6-3-5(8)9/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)
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| Chemical Name |
2-(propanoylamino)acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 250 mg/mL (1906.50 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (15.86 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.6260 mL | 38.1301 mL | 76.2602 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5252 mL | 7.6260 mL | 15.2520 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7626 mL | 3.8130 mL | 7.6260 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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