| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Inflammatory pathways; neuroprotective targets. Ginsenoside Rd2 is a saponin found in ginseng that has anti-inflammatory properties. It also exhibits neuroprotective activities by protecting neurons from ischemic damage and apoptosis. Its mechanism involves modulation of inflammatory pathways and neuroprotective signaling cascades.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Ginsenoside Rd2 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It protects neurons from ischemic damage and apoptosis. As a saponin from Panax ginseng, it may also have other biological activities including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor effects. Its specific in vitro activities depend on the concentrations tested and the assay systems used. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its activity profile.
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| ln Vivo |
Ginsenoside Rd2 protects neurons from ischemic damage and apoptosis in vivo, making it a promising candidate for treating neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. As a saponin from Panax ginseng, it may contribute to the pharmacological effects of ginseng, which has been used in traditional medicine for its health-promoting properties. Further in vivo studies are needed to characterize its specific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for ginsenoside Rd2 include anti-inflammatory assays measuring inhibition of inflammatory mediators in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Neuroprotective activity can be assessed using assays measuring protection against oxidative stress or apoptosis in cell-free systems. Standard analytical methods including HPLC, NMR, and mass spectrometry are used for compound characterization and purity assessment.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for ginsenoside Rd2 use various cell lines to assess its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. For anti-inflammatory studies, macrophage cell lines are stimulated with LPS and treated with the compound, and inflammatory mediators are measured. For neuroprotective studies, neuronal cell lines are exposed to ischemic or oxidative stress conditions and treated with the compound, and cell viability and apoptosis are assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies of ginsenoside Rd2 are conducted in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease models, as well as models of ischemic brain injury. The compound is administered via oral or intraperitoneal injection. Cognitive function, motor function, neuronal survival, and inflammatory markers are assessed. Pharmacokinetic parameters are determined from blood and tissue samples.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Ginsenoside Rd2 has a molecular formula of C₄₇H₈₀O₁₇ and a molecular weight of 917.13 g/mol. It appears as a white to off-white solid powder. Purity is ≥98%. It has a LogP of 1.9. Storage: dry, dark, and -20°C for 1 year. It is a rare saponin from Panax ginseng.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for ginsenoside Rd2 are limited. As a natural saponin from Panax ginseng, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. It exhibits neuroprotective activities, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits rather than toxicity. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling this compound. It is intended for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
It has been reported that ginseng, Aralia elata, and Centella asiatica contain ginsenoside Rd2, and there is available data on its content.
Ginsenoside Rd2 is a saponin found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus with anti-inflammatory properties. It is a rare saponin compound known for its potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. It protects neurons from ischemic damage and apoptosis, making it a promising candidate for treating neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C47H80O17
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
917.13
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| Exact Mass |
916.539
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| CAS # |
83480-64-2
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| PubChem CID |
21672569
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.36±0.1 g/cm3 (20 ºC 760 Torr)
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| LogP |
1.9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
11
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
64
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| Complexity |
1630
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
24
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| SMILES |
O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2C3(C)CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)[C@@H]3CCC2(C)C2(C)CC[C@H](C(C)(CC/C=C(\C)/C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO4)O)O)O)O3)O)O)O)[C@H]21)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
ZTQSADJAYQOCDD-FDDSVCGKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C47H80O17/c1-22(2)10-9-14-47(8,64-42-39(58)36(55)34(53)27(62-42)21-60-40-37(56)32(51)25(50)20-59-40)23-11-16-46(7)31(23)24(49)18-29-44(5)15-13-30(43(3,4)28(44)12-17-45(29,46)6)63-41-38(57)35(54)33(52)26(19-48)61-41/h10,23-42,48-58H,9,11-21H2,1-8H3/t23-,24+,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30-,31-,32-,33+,34+,35-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40-,41-,42-,44-,45+,46+,47-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,12R,13R,14R,17S)-12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2S)-6-methyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyhept-5-en-2-yl]-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| Synonyms |
Ginsenoside Rd2
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 50 mg/mL (54.52 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (1.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.0904 mL | 5.4518 mL | 10.9036 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2181 mL | 1.0904 mL | 2.1807 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1090 mL | 0.5452 mL | 1.0904 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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