| Size | Price | |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid targets thiol groups in proteins and enzymes. It reacts with thiols to afford a disulfide and 6-mercaptonicotinic acid. It acts as a modulator of oxidative stress and inflammation by influencing redox-sensitive pathways in immune cells. It selectively inhibits the Pi/OH- carrier in rat liver mitochondria.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid acts as a specific thiol blocker. It facilitates the indirect oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate by providing oxidized NADP, which in turn stimulates the hexose monophosphate pathway due to the reoxidation of NADPH. It modifies mitochondrial functions and selectively inhibits the Pi/OH- carrier in rat liver mitochondria.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid has been used to investigate the radioprotective effect of mercaptoethylamine on the thiol level of the outer cell membrane of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Its ability to interact with thiols and influence redox reactions makes it a valuable tool for studying cellular metabolism and enzyme functions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid: thiol reactivity is assessed by incubating the compound with thiol-containing compounds (e.g., cysteine, glutathione) and measuring the formation of disulfide products by HPLC or spectrophotometry. Mitochondrial function is assessed by measuring oxygen consumption or Pi/OH- carrier activity in isolated mitochondria. NADPH reoxidation is measured spectrophotometrically.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid: Ehrlich ascites tumor cells or other cell lines are treated with 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid at concentrations of 0.1-100 µM for 1-24 hours. Cellular thiol levels are measured using Ellman's reagent. Redox status is assessed by measuring GSH/GSSG ratios. Mitochondrial function is assessed by measuring ATP levels and oxygen consumption. Cell viability is measured by MTT assay.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid: animal models of oxidative stress or radioprotection would be used. Animals are administered 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid intraperitoneally or intravenously at doses of 1-10 mg/kg. Thiol levels in tissues, oxidative stress markers, and mitochondrial function are assessed. Radioprotective effects are evaluated in models of radiation exposure.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid: as a non-permeant thiol reagent, it may have limited cellular penetration. It is a nicotinic acid analogue. The compound is soluble in DMSO. Storage: powder at -20°C for up to 3 years. Purity: technical grade, 85%.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity of 6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid: comprehensive toxicity data are limited. As a thiol-reactive compound, it may have significant toxicity at high doses due to disruption of redox balance. It is for research use only and not approved for clinical use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
6,6'-Dithiodinicotinic acid is the parent compound; structure
6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid is a research compound used as a specific sulfhydryl blocker and redox modulator. It is used to study mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and cellular metabolism. No clinical applications have been reported. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H8N2O4S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
308.33
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| Exact Mass |
307.993
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| CAS # |
15658-35-2
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| PubChem CID |
85040
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.66g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
584.2ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
263-265 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
307.1ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
1.71E-14mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.753
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| LogP |
2.672
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
8
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
335
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
S(C1C([H])=C([H])C(C(=O)O[H])=C([H])N=1)SC1C([H])=C([H])C(C(=O)O[H])=C([H])N=1
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| InChi Key |
GSASOFRDSIKDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H8N2O4S2/c15-11(16)7-1-3-9(13-5-7)19-20-10-4-2-8(6-14-10)12(17)18/h1-6H,(H,15,16)(H,17,18)
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| Chemical Name |
6-[(5-carboxypyridin-2-yl)disulfanyl]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 125 mg/mL (405.41 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.08 mg/mL (6.75 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.08 mg/mL (6.75 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2433 mL | 16.2164 mL | 32.4328 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6487 mL | 3.2433 mL | 6.4866 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3243 mL | 1.6216 mL | 3.2433 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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