| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Polyphyllin II targets cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle regulation pathways. It induces apoptosis through caspase activation and cell cycle arrest. It has toxic effects on a variety of cancer/tumor cells.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Polyphyllin II has toxic effects on a variety of cancer cells. It induces apoptosis through caspases activation and cell-cycle arrest. It is one of the most significant saponins in Rhizoma Paridis.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for Polyphyllin II are limited. Its in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells suggests potential antitumor activity in vivo. Its hemostasis and expectorant effects suggest additional pharmacological activities. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro cytotoxicity assays for Polyphyllin II are performed using various cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with compound concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 µM for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Apoptosis is evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI staining and by measuring caspase activities. Cell cycle analysis is performed by flow cytometry.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Polyphyllin II are performed using various cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with compound concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 µM for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Apoptosis is evaluated by flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI staining and by measuring caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities. Cell cycle distribution is analyzed by flow cytometry.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Polyphyllin II would typically utilize tumor xenograft models. The compound is administered orally or intraperitoneally. Endpoints include tumor growth, survival, and histopathological evaluation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Polyphyllin II are not well characterized. The compound has a molecular weight of 855.02 and a molecular formula of C44H70O16. As a steroidal saponin, it is expected to have limited oral bioavailability due to poor membrane permeability. Standard PK studies in rodents would be required.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Polyphyllin II are limited. As a natural product-derived compound, it may have a moderate safety profile. No significant acute toxicity has been reported. The compound is designated for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
It has been reported that Paris polyphylla contains Paris saponin II, and there is relevant data on this.
Polyphyllin II (Chonglou Saponin II) is a steroidal saponin from Rhizoma Paridis that induces apoptosis through caspase activation and cell cycle arrest. It has toxic effects on a variety of cancer cells. It has a molecular weight of 855.02 and formula C44H70O16. It is not clinically approved. |
| Molecular Formula |
C44H70O16
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
855.0170
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| Exact Mass |
870.461
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| CAS # |
76296-72-5
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| Related CAS # |
76296-72-5
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| PubChem CID |
124841653
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.628
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| LogP |
6.02
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
16
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
60
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| Complexity |
1570
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
25
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2([C@H]([C@H]3[C@@H](O2)C[C@@H]4[C@@]3(CC[C@H]5[C@H]4CC=C6[C@@]5(CC[C@@H](C6)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O8)CO)O)O)O[C@H]9[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O9)C)O)O)O)O)C)C)C)OC1
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| InChi Key |
AWKXNOOUWFJCMU-WMRBLUSKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C44H70O16/c1-19-8-13-44(53-18-19)20(2)30-27(60-44)15-26-24-7-6-22-14-23(9-11-42(22,4)25(24)10-12-43(26,30)5)55-41-36(52)38(59-39-35(51)33(49)31(47)21(3)54-39)37(29(17-46)57-41)58-40-34(50)32(48)28(16-45)56-40/h6,19-21,23-41,45-52H,7-18H2,1-5H3/t19-,20+,21+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28+,29-,30+,31+,32+,33-,34-,35-,36-,37-,38-,39+,40+,41-,42+,43+,44-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-16-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~116.96 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (2.92 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.1696 mL | 5.8478 mL | 11.6956 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2339 mL | 1.1696 mL | 2.3391 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1170 mL | 0.5848 mL | 1.1696 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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