| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Picroside I targets various signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. It may inhibit the activation of NF-κB and reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It may also activate Nrf2, leading to increased expression of antioxidant enzymes. It may have hepatoprotective effects by reducing liver damage and promoting liver regeneration.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, picroside I has been shown to protect hepatocytes from damage induced by toxins and oxidative stress. It reduces the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines. It can inhibit the activation of NF-κB and other inflammatory signaling pathways. It may also have immunomodulatory effects.
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| ln Vivo |
In experimental animals, picroside I (20 mg/kg, po, 12 d) lowers OVA-associated IgE levels and AHR [2].
In vivo, picroside I has been studied in animal models of liver injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress. It has hepatoprotective effects in models of chemical-induced liver damage and cholestasis. It has anti-inflammatory effects in models of colitis and arthritis. It may also have neuroprotective effects. |
| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular enzyme assays, picroside I can be tested for antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP assays. It can also be tested for inhibition of enzymes such as COX-2, iNOS, and MMPs using standard enzyme activity assays.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, hepatocytes and other cell types are cultured and treated with picroside I. Cell viability, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory cytokine production are assessed. NF-κB and Nrf2 activation can be measured using reporter assays or Western blotting.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Ovalbumin (OVA) systemic sensitization BALB/c mouse model [2]
Doses: 0.2, 2.0 and 20 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (po (oral gavage)) one time/day, day 20 to day 32 Experimental Results: Inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration triggered by allergens. For in vivo animal studies, picroside I can be administered orally or intraperitoneally to animal models of disease. Liver injury models (such as CCl4-induced or D-GalN/LPS-induced liver damage), inflammation models, and oxidative stress models can be used. Liver function tests, inflammatory markers, and histological analysis are performed. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties include solubility in DMSO and ethanol. It is a glycoside and may have poor oral bioavailability. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted. Storage is typically at -20°C. It is a solid and should be handled with standard laboratory precautions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for picroside I is limited. As a natural product, it is generally considered safe at low doses. No significant toxicity has been reported in preclinical studies.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
It has been reported that Picroside I is present in Gentiana kurroo and Picorhiza kurrooa, and there is relevant data available.
Picroside I is a naturally occurring iridoid glycoside from Picrorhiza kurroa. It has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. It inhibits NF-κB activation and activates Nrf2. It has been studied in models of liver injury, inflammation, and oxidative stress. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H28O11
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
492.47252
|
| Exact Mass |
492.163
|
| CAS # |
27409-30-9
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| PubChem CID |
6440892
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
739.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
130 °C
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| Flash Point |
253.2±26.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.671
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| LogP |
-1.81
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
35
|
| Complexity |
826
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
|
| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)/C=C/C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)O[C@H]3[C@H]4[C@@H](C=CO3)[C@@H]([C@H]5[C@@]4(O5)CO)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
XZGPUOQGERGURE-LUVHZPKESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H28O11/c25-11-24-16-13(17(27)21(24)35-24)8-9-31-22(16)34-23-20(30)19(29)18(28)14(33-23)10-32-15(26)7-6-12-4-2-1-3-5-12/h1-9,13-14,16-23,25,27-30H,10-11H2/b7-6+/t13-,14-,16-,17+,18-,19+,20-,21+,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(1S,2S,4S,5S,6R,10S)-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-10-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~507.65 mM)
H2O : ~125 mg/mL (~253.82 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 12.5 mg/mL (25.38 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0306 mL | 10.1529 mL | 20.3058 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4061 mL | 2.0306 mL | 4.0612 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2031 mL | 1.0153 mL | 2.0306 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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