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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Perflubron does not have a specific biological target as a drug. It is an imaging agent and oxygen carrier. Its mechanism is based on its physical properties: it is dense and can carry oxygen, making it useful as a contrast agent (due to its high electron density) and as a blood substitute (oxygen transport). It has also been studied for its anti-inflammatory activity and its ability to inhibit Ebola virus entry through membrane effects.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Perflubron inhibits Ebola virus entry with AC50 values between 7.943 µM and 11.22 µM. It modulates Lamin A splicing with a potency of 707.9 nM. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing cytokine production (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) in human alveolar macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Perflubron is used as a contrast agent in MRI and ultrasound (e.g., for gastrointestinal imaging). It has also been studied as a blood substitute in transfusion medicine (Oxygent). It has anti-inflammatory activity and attenuates oxidative damage in animal models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, its primary applications are in diagnostic imaging.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays are not typically applicable for Perflubron, as it is a fluorocarbon with physical properties that make it useful as an imaging agent and oxygen carrier. Its activity is based on its physicochemical properties, such as density, oxygen solubility, and surface activity, which can be measured by physical methods.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Perflubron involve treating cells (e.g., macrophages, endothelial cells) with the compound and measuring its effects on cytokine production (anti-inflammatory activity) or viral entry (anti-Ebola activity). Its effects on Lamin A splicing can also be assessed by RT-PCR or Western blot. Cellular uptake and toxicity can be evaluated using standard viability assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal models for Perflubron are used to study its properties as a contrast agent for MRI and ultrasound (e.g., in rodents or rabbits). It is administered intravenously or orally, and its imaging properties are evaluated. It has also been studied as a blood substitute in animal models of hemorrhage or hypoxia, assessing survival and tissue oxygenation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Perflubron has a molecular formula of C8BrF17 and a molecular weight of 498.96 g/mol. Its chemical name is 1-bromo-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane. It is also known as Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) and Oxygent. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is insoluble in water and DMSO but soluble in ethanol and perfluorinated solvents.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Perflubron is generally considered to have low toxicity. It is eliminated from the body primarily through exhalation (as a vapor). It is not intended for human therapeutic use as a drug but is used as a contrast agent for diagnostic imaging. It may cause transient gastrointestinal disturbances or pulmonary effects upon administration. The compound is for research use only.
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| Additional Infomation |
Perflubron is a haloalkanes, a derivative of perfluorooctane, in which a fluorine atom on one of the terminal carbon atoms is replaced by a bromine atom. It can be used as a radioactive contrast agent and a blood substitute. It is a perfluorinated compound, an organic bromine compound, and a haloalkanes. It is derived from the hydride of octane. Perflubron (Oxygent) is being developed as an intravascular oxygen carrier designed to enhance oxygen delivery in surgical patients. Perflubron is a synthetic radioactive contrast agent in liquid form of perfluorooctyl bromide. Perflubron can be used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as as a liquid ventilator to improve lung gas exchange and lung compliance, and can be used in surgery to reduce or eliminate the need for blood transfusions. Ventilation using perfluorocarbon liquids can improve lung function in patients with surfactant deficiency and dysfunction, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and adult ARDS. (NCI04)
Pharmaceutical Indications Studied for the treatment of cardiac surgery, bleeding, and intestinal obstruction. Mechanism of Action Oxygent Perflubron emulsions can maintain hemodynamic stability during major surgeries, potentially reducing or eliminating the need for transfusions during these procedures. Oxygent emulsions allow patients to maintain physiological stability and safety at lower intraoperative hemoglobin levels. Perflubron, also known as Perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB), is a synthetic fluorocarbon used as a contrast agent in MRI and ultrasound. It has also been studied as a blood substitute and for its anti-inflammatory activity. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8BRF17
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
498.96
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| Exact Mass |
497.891
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| CAS # |
423-55-2
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| PubChem CID |
9873
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.93 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
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| Boiling Point |
142 °C(lit.)
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| Melting Point |
6 °C
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| Flash Point |
141-143°C
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| Vapour Pressure |
6.54mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.305(lit.)
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| LogP |
6.348
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
527
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
BrC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F
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| InChi Key |
WTWWXOGTJWMJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8BrF17/c9-7(22,23)5(18,19)3(14,15)1(10,11)2(12,13)4(16,17)6(20,21)8(24,25)26
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| Chemical Name |
1-bromo-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluorooctane
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| Synonyms |
Long's compound; Oxygent; Perflubron
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~16.67 mg/mL (~33.41 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (3.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 16.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0042 mL | 10.0208 mL | 20.0417 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4008 mL | 2.0042 mL | 4.0083 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2004 mL | 1.0021 mL | 2.0042 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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