| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
PEO-IAA targets TIR1 (transport inhibitor response 1) and AFB (auxin signaling F-box) proteins, which are auxin receptors in plants. These F-box proteins are components of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that regulate auxin-responsive gene expression. By binding to TIR1/AFBs, PEO-IAA competes with the natural auxin IAA, blocking auxin signaling. This antagonist activity allows controlled studies of auxin-regulated growth and development.
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| ln Vitro |
PEO-IAA is another α-alkyl-IAA that, in response to gene expression and cleavage and elongation events controlled by SCFTIR1/AFBs, shows increased anti-auxin action in developing cells. PEO-IAA prevents gravity bending in addition to the auxin-responsive ZmSAUR2 gene's expression. In maize, rice, moss, and Arabidopsis, PEO-IAA suppresses the auxin response [1].
In vitro, PEO-IAA binds to TIR1/AFBs and inhibits auxin-responsive gene expression, including ZmSAUR2. It shows increased anti-auxin action in developing cells. The compound's activity is assessed in various plant-based assays. It is a potent auxin antagonist with improved properties over earlier auxin inhibitors. Detailed in vitro data are available in plant biology literature. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, PEO-IAA prevents gravity bending in maize (gravitropism) and inhibits auxin-responsive gene expression. It is used in plant biology research to study auxin signaling pathways. The compound's effects on plant growth and development have been characterized in various model systems. It is a valuable tool for understanding auxin-mediated processes in plants. PEO-IAA is not used in mammalian systems.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro binding assays for PEO-IAA typically use recombinant TIR1 or AFB proteins. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is used to measure binding affinity. Alternatively, yeast two-hybrid assays may be used to assess TIR1-IAA-Aux/IAA interactions. The compound is dissolved in DMSO and diluted in assay buffer. Binding parameters (Kd) are calculated. Controls include IAA (agonist) and other auxin antagonists. Assays are performed at room temperature.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, plant cell lines or protoplasts (e.g., Arabidopsis or maize) are cultured in appropriate medium. Cells are treated with PEO-IAA at various concentrations (0.1-100 μM) for 1-24 hours. Auxin-responsive gene expression (e.g., ZmSAUR2, DR5::GUS) is measured by RT-PCR or reporter assays. Root elongation assays may be performed using Arabidopsis seedlings. All treatments include vehicle controls and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo, PEO-IAA is typically applied to plants (e.g., Arabidopsis, maize) via agar medium, foliar spray, or root application. For gravitropism studies, seedlings are grown on agar plates containing PEO-IAA and subjected to gravity stimulation. Root bending angles are measured. For gene expression studies, tissues are collected at various time points for RNA extraction. Phenotypic effects (root growth, shoot development) are assessed. All procedures follow standard plant biology protocols.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PEO-IAA (MW 293.32, C₁₈H₁₅NO₃) is a small-molecule auxin antagonist. The compound is soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. It is stable under standard storage conditions. Pharmacokinetic properties are not relevant for plant research applications. The compound is designed for research use in plant biology.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
PEO-IAA is a research tool and not a therapeutic agent. It is not intended for human or animal use. The compound should be handled with standard laboratory safety precautions. Toxicity data for mammalian systems are limited. The compound is for research use only.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
PEO-IAA is a research-grade auxin antagonist for studying plant hormone signaling. Its primary applications include plant biology, developmental biology, and agricultural research. The compound is not approved for any clinical use. It is commercially available from chemical suppliers for research purposes only. Its mechanism involves competitive binding to TIR1/AFB auxin receptors.
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| Molecular Formula |
C18H15NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
293.3166
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| Exact Mass |
293.105
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| CAS # |
6266-66-6
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| PubChem CID |
235453
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.318 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
569ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
297.9ºC
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| LogP |
3.609
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
417
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
SJVMWLJNHPHNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H15NO3/c20-17(12-6-2-1-3-7-12)10-14(18(21)22)15-11-19-16-9-5-4-8-13(15)16/h1-9,11,14,19H,10H2,(H,21,22)
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| Chemical Name |
2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~170.46 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.52 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.09 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.09 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.4092 mL | 17.0462 mL | 34.0925 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6818 mL | 3.4092 mL | 6.8185 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3409 mL | 1.7046 mL | 3.4092 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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