| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Pentadecanoic acid does not have a specific therapeutic target but is a fatty acid involved in lipid metabolism. It can be incorporated into cell membranes and may influence membrane fluidity and signaling. As a saturated fatty acid, it may activate Toll-like receptors or other fatty acid sensors, but its primary use is as a biomarker for dairy fat intake.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, pentadecanoic acid is used as a reference standard and as a fatty acid in cell culture studies. It is a saturated fatty acid that can be used to study the effects of odd-chain fatty acids on cellular metabolism. Its role in lipid metabolism has been characterized in various cell-based assays. The compound is soluble in chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, DMSO, and acetone.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, pentadecanoic acid is a biomarker for the intake of dairy fat. It is found in esterified form in the lipids of many bacterial species and in the milk fat of ruminants. Higher circulating levels of pentadecanoic acid are associated with lower risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, although it is unclear whether this reflects dairy fat intake or other lifexstyle factors.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, pentadecanoic acid is typically tested on adipocytes, hepatocytes, or macrophages. Cells are treated with the fatty acid at various concentrations (typically 10-200 µM) for 24-48 hours. Lipid accumulation is assessed by Oil Red O staining. Inflammatory cytokine production is measured by ELISA. Gene expression of metabolic and inflammatory markers is assessed by qPCR.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro enzyme assays, pentadecanoic acid can be used as a substrate for fatty acid-metabolizing enzymes such as acyl-CoA synthetases or fatty acid desaturases. The enzyme is incubated with the fatty acid and cofactors, and activity is measured by monitoring the consumption of cofactors (ATP, CoA) or the production of reaction products using spectrophotometric or chromatographic methods.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, pentadecanoic acid is typically administered orally to rodents. The compound is given at doses ranging from 10-100 mg/kg daily for 2-8 weeks. Blood samples are collected to measure fatty acid levels and metabolic parameters. Tissue fatty acid composition is analyzed by gas chromatography. The compound's effects on metabolic health are evaluated by measuring body weight, glucose tolerance, and inflammatory markers.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for pentadecanoic acid indicate that it is absorbed from the diet and incorporated into lipoproteins and cell membranes. The compound has a molecular weight of 242.40 g/mol and formula C₁₅H₃₀O₂. It is metabolized via beta-oxidation and can be elongated or desaturated to other fatty acids. Its half-life in circulation is determined by its incorporation into lipid pools and its rate of oxidation.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for pentadecanoic acid indicate that it is generally well-tolerated. As a naturally occurring fatty acid, it is considered safe at dietary intake levels. At very high doses, saturated fatty acids may cause metabolic disturbances. The compound is classified as a research-grade reagent and is not for human therapeutic use. Standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling.
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| Additional Infomation |
Pentadecanoic acid (PCA) is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing fifteen carbon atoms. It is found in plants, food, Daphnia magna, human serum, and algae as a metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and also a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is the conjugate acid of pentadecanoic acid. PCA has been reported in Hoya crassipes, Hoya pseudolanceolata, and other organisms with relevant data. Pentadecanoic acid is a saturated fatty acid with a 15-carbon backbone. Animals typically do not synthesize PCA, but it is present in very low amounts in dairy products.
Pentadecanoic acid is a research-use only compound and has not been approved for clinical applications. It is also known as n-pentadecanoic acid and pentadecylic acid. Its molecular weight is 242.40, and its formula is C₁₅H₃₀O₂. The compound has a melting point of 52.3°C and a boiling point of 339.1°C. It is used as a biological marker for dairy fat intake in the assessment of metabolic risk factors. It is available from various research chemical suppliers. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H30O2
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|---|---|
| Exact Mass |
242.224
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| CAS # |
1002-84-2
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| PubChem CID |
13849
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
330.4±5.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
51-53 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
149.6±12.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.452
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| LogP |
6.62
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
166
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O([H])C(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])=O
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| InChi Key |
WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15(16)17/h2-14H2,1H3,(H,16,17)
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| Chemical Name |
pentadecanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~62.5 mg/mL (~257.84 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.58 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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