| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of pamabrom is the kidney, where it acts as a mild diuretic. It increases the excretion of water and electrolytes, thereby reducing fluid retention. The 8-bromotheophylline component is a xanthine derivative similar to theophylline, which has diuretic properties. The 2-amino-2-methylpropanol component may contribute to its effects.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, pamabrom exhibits diuretic activity. The 8-bromotheophylline component acts as a xanthine derivative, which may inhibit phosphodiesterase and increase cAMP levels, leading to increased renal blood flow and diuresis. Detailed in vitro data are limited.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, pamabrom is used as a mild diuretic to reduce fluid retention and bloating associated with PMS. It increases urine output and promotes the excretion of excess fluid. It is used in combination with other ingredients such as acetaminophen for the relief of menstrual symptoms. Its efficacy has been demonstrated in clinical use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
General protocols for diuretic activity assays use rat models. Pamabrom is administered orally or intravenously at doses of 10-100 mg/kg. Urine is collected over 4-24 hours using metabolic cages. Urine volume, pH, and electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl-) are measured. The compound's diuretic effect is compared to standard diuretics such as furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide.
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| Cell Assay |
General protocols for cell-based studies using pamabrom are limited. The compound's primary mechanism of action is through renal effects rather than direct cellular effects. For studies on diuretic mechanisms, renal tubular cells are treated with 8-bromotheophylline (the active component). cAMP levels and ion transport are measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
General protocols for in vivo efficacy studies use animal models of fluid retention. Pamabrom is administered orally. Body weight, urine output, and fluid balance are measured. The compound's ability to reduce fluid retention is evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pamabrom has a molecular weight of 313.14 g/mol (C10H17BrN5O3). It is a combination of 8-bromotheophylline and 2-amino-2-methylpropanol. It is soluble in water. It is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and excreted via the kidneys. Its diuretic effect is mild and short-acting.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Pamabrom has a favorable safety profile. It may cause gastrointestinal upset, headache, and dizziness. It should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, cardiovascular disease, or electrolyte imbalances. Overdose may cause excessive diuresis and electrolyte disturbances. It is generally well tolerated at recommended doses.
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| Additional Infomation |
Pamabrom is a mixture of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and 8-bromotheophylline (a methylxanthine) in a 1:1 ratio, and has a mild diuretic effect. See also: Bromotheophylline (with active moiety); Acetaminophen; Pamabrom (component); Acetaminophen; Pamabrom; Pyramine maleate (component).
Pamabrom (CAS 606-04-2) is a mild diuretic used for the relief of PMS-related bloating and water retention. It is available in over-the-counter combination products with acetaminophen or other analgesics for menstrual symptom relief. It is approved as an over-the-counter drug in many countries. It is not used as a prescription diuretic. |
| Molecular Formula |
C11H18BRN5O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
348.201
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| Exact Mass |
347.059
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| CAS # |
606-04-2
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| Related CAS # |
10381-75-6 (free form);606-04-2 (salt);
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| PubChem CID |
11806
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Boiling Point |
469.5ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>300ºC
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| Flash Point |
237.7ºC
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| LogP |
0.139
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
340
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
BrC1=NC2=C(C(N(C([H])([H])[H])C(N2C([H])([H])[H])=O)=O)N1[H].O([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])N([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
ATOTUUBRFJHZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H7BrN4O2.C4H11NO/c1-11-4-3(9-6(8)10-4)5(13)12(2)7(11)14;1-4(2,5)3-6/h1-2H3,(H,9,10);6H,3,5H2,1-2H3
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| Chemical Name |
8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione compound with 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (1:1)
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| Synonyms |
Pamabrom, Predema; Sunril; Premsyn PMS; trade name: Diurex Max;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~150 mg/mL (~430.79 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.67 mg/mL (7.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 26.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.67 mg/mL (7.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 26.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.67 mg/mL (7.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8719 mL | 14.3596 mL | 28.7191 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5744 mL | 2.8719 mL | 5.7438 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2872 mL | 1.4360 mL | 2.8719 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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