| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Targets |
Paederosidic acid targets the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. It induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bid, and Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2, and stimulation of the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The compound also modulates GABA and glutamic acid levels in the brain.
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| ln Vitro |
On BSAS-2B cells, astragalinic acid (40 μg/ml; 24 hours and 48 hours) has no discernible effect; nevertheless, it clearly affects NCI-H1650, HCC827, and A549 cells, with IC50 values of 40.68, 42.58, and 36.48 μg/ml, respectively. [1]. By downregulating Bcl-2, upregulating caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bid, and Bax, and encouraging the release of Cyto-C from mitochondria in lung cancer cells, paederosidic acid causes mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. [1.].
In vitro, paederosidic acid shows significant anti-tumor activity on lung cancer cells. The mechanisms involve inducing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, Bid, and Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2, and stimulating the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The compound has demonstrated antitumor activity in various cancer cell lines, including human non-small cell lung cancer cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies on paederosidic acid are limited. Based on its mechanism of action, the compound may have potential in cancer treatment and epilepsy. Its anti-inflammatory activity suggests additional therapeutic applications. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its pharmacological effects and therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro apoptosis assays, paederosidic acid is tested on cancer cell lines such as lung cancer cells. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations (typically 1-100 μM) for 24-72 hours. Apoptosis is assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Caspase activity is measured using fluorogenic substrates. Mitochondrial membrane potential is assessed using JC-1 staining. Cytochrome c release is measured by Western blotting of cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, paederosidic acid is typically tested on human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines and other cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations (typically 1-100 μM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or CCK-8 assays. Apoptosis-related protein expression (caspase-3, -8, -9, Bid, Bax, Bcl-2) is assessed by Western blotting.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for paederosidic acid have not been extensively reported. Based on its mechanism as an anticancer and anti-epileptic agent, potential experimental models include xenograft tumor models in mice and epilepsy models. The compound could be administered orally or intraperitoneally, with tumor volume or seizure activity assessed as pharmacodynamic endpoints.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for paederosidic acid are limited. As an iridoid glycoside, it is expected to have moderate oral bioavailability. The compound may undergo metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Standard pharmacokinetic studies would be required to determine its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for paederosidic acid are limited. As a natural product isolate, it is generally considered to have low toxicity at pharmacological doses. However, comprehensive toxicological studies have not been extensively reported. The compound is classified as a research-grade reagent and is not for human use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that Paederosidic acid has been found in Paederia scandens, Paederia foetida, and Plocama calabrica, and relevant data are available for reference.
Paederosidic acid is a research-use only compound and has not been approved for clinical applications. The compound is extracted from Paederia scandens. Its molecular weight and formula are well-characterized. It is available from various research chemical suppliers. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H24O12S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
464.4410
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| Exact Mass |
464.098
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 46.55; H, 5.21; O, 41.34; S, 6.90
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| CAS # |
18842-98-3
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| PubChem CID |
21592249
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
748.1±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
406.2±35.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±5.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.666
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| LogP |
-1.48
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
754
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
S(C([H])([H])[H])C(=O)OC([H])([H])C1=C([H])[C@@]([H])([C@]2([H])C(C(=O)O[H])=C([H])O[C@@]([H])([C@]21[H])O[C@]1([H])[C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O1)O[H])O[H])O[H])O[H]
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| InChi Key |
ICTKKPLVSHVNDV-FCVLBCLDSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H24O12S/c1-31-18(26)28-4-6-2-8(20)11-7(15(24)25)5-27-16(10(6)11)30-17-14(23)13(22)12(21)9(3-19)29-17/h2,5,8-14,16-17,19-23H,3-4H2,1H3,(H,24,25)/t8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13-,14+,16-,17-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1S,4aS,5S,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7-(methylsulfanylcarbonyloxymethyl)-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,7a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylic acid
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| Synonyms |
Paederosidic Acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~215.31 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.38 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1531 mL | 10.7657 mL | 21.5313 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4306 mL | 2.1531 mL | 4.3063 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2153 mL | 1.0766 mL | 2.1531 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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