| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Oxyfluorfen targets protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll and heme. By inhibiting PPO, it causes the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, which generates reactive oxygen species in the presence of light, leading to membrane lipid peroxidation and cell death. This mechanism requires light for herbicidal activity.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Oxyfluorfen acts as a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, blocking chlorophyll synthesis and inhibiting cell growth. Its herbicidal activity is light-dependent, with greater activity in the presence of light. Its in vitro activity is assessed by measuring its effects on protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity and chlorophyll synthesis in plant cells.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of Oxyfluorfen has been demonstrated in agricultural settings, where it provides effective control of annual broadleaf and grassy weeds when applied preemergence or postemergence. It is used in a variety of crops including rice, soybean, wheat, cotton, corn, oil palm, vegetables, and orchards. Its activity is light-dependent, with optimal results when applied at early stages of weed growth.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro enzyme assay for Oxyfluorfen involves measuring its inhibitory activity against protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) using purified enzyme preparations. These assays measure the conversion of protoporphyrinogen to protoporphyrin IX in the presence of the compound. Inhibitory potency (IC50) is determined by assessing the reduction in enzyme activity. The light-dependent nature of its herbicidal activity is also evaluated.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for Oxyfluorfen are performed using plant cell cultures or isolated chloroplasts. These assays measure the compound's ability to inhibit chlorophyll synthesis and protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity in intact cells. The light-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent cell death are also assessed. These assays demonstrate its herbicidal mechanism of action.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy studies for Oxyfluorfen are conducted in greenhouse and field settings using various weed species and crop plants. These studies typically involve application of the herbicide preemergence or postemergence, followed by assessment of weed control efficacy and crop safety. The compound's broad-spectrum activity against annual broadleaf and grassy weeds is demonstrated in these studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Oxyfluorfen are relevant to its use as a herbicide rather than a therapeutic drug. As a diphenyl ether herbicide, it is absorbed by plant tissues and acts systemically. Its environmental fate, including degradation and persistence in soil, is characterized for agricultural use. The compound has low water solubility and is formulated for agricultural application.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Data
LC50 (Rat) > 3,710 mg/m³/4H Toxicology studies of Oxyfluorfen have been conducted to evaluate its safety for agricultural use. The compound has low acute oral toxicity, with an LD50 in male albino rats of >5000 mg/kg. Environmental toxicity studies have also been conducted, including effects on aquatic organisms such as Daphnia magna. Proper handling and application practices are recommended to minimize exposure. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Oxyfluorfen is an orange crystalline solid, non-corrosive, used as a herbicide. Oxyfluorfen is an aromatic ether with herbicidal and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) inhibitory effects. Oxyfluorfen is a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide used to control certain annual broadleaf and grass weeds on vegetables, fruits, cotton, ornamental plants, and non-cultivated land. It is a contact herbicide and requires light to act on target plants. Mechanism of Action: Diphenyl ether herbicides are potent inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase, a membrane-bound enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of heme and chlorophyll. Diphenyl ether herbicides exert their phytotoxic effects by inhibiting protoporphyrinogen oxidase, thus preventing chlorophyll formation. This enzyme is the final step in the common biosynthesis of chlorophyll and heme.
Oxyfluorfen is a diphenyl ether herbicide used for broad-spectrum preemergence and postemergence control of annual broadleaf and grassy weeds. It is a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor that inhibits photosynthesis by blocking chlorophyll synthesis. The herbicide is used in a variety of crops including rice, soybean, wheat, cotton, corn, oil palm, vegetables, and orchards. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H11CLF3NO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
361.7
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| Exact Mass |
361.032
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| CAS # |
42874-03-3
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| PubChem CID |
39327
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
387.1±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
83-84°C
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| Flash Point |
187.9±27.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.536
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| LogP |
4.34
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
24
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| Complexity |
432
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
OQMBBFQZGJFLBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H11ClF3NO4/c1-2-23-14-8-10(4-5-12(14)20(21)22)24-13-6-3-9(7-11(13)16)15(17,18)19/h3-8H,2H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene
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| Synonyms |
Galigan; Boxer; Oxyfluorfen
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~276.47 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.91 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7647 mL | 13.8236 mL | 27.6472 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5529 mL | 2.7647 mL | 5.5294 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2765 mL | 1.3824 mL | 2.7647 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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