| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Oxindole targets multiple biological pathways involved in inflammation, cancer, and microbial infection. The Oxindole structure has been used in receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) inhibitors such as SU4984 and intedanib. As a versatile heterocyclic compound, it serves as a scaffold for the development of enzyme inhibitors and channel blockers. Its mechanism involves modulation of kinase activity and other cellular targets.
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| ln Vitro |
Oxindole (Indolin-2-one) is a bicyclic compound made up of 2-pyrrolidone and a fused benzene ring. Because of their great binding affinity for a wide variety of receptors and the abundance of licensed medications that incorporate this scaffold, substituted indolinones are sometimes referred to as "privileged structures" [1]. In addition to a variety of naturally occurring chemicals made by plants, microbes, and invertebrates, oxindole can be found in the tissues and bodily fluids of mammals. 2-A wide range of pharmacological activities are exhibited by indolinone derivatives, such as analgesic, spermicidal, vasopressin antagonist, progesterone antagonist, neuroprotective, NMDA blocker, anticancer, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, kinase inhibition, AChE inhibition, anti-leishmaniasis, and phosphatase inhibition[2].
In vitro, Oxindole exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. It is a versatile heterocyclic compound featuring an indole framework with a ketone group at the 2-position. The Oxindole structure has been used in RTK inhibitors such as SU4984 and intedanib for anti-cancer drug development. It serves as a starting material for the synthesis of numerous biologically active compounds. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Oxindole has been studied for its pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects. The Oxindole scaffold is used in the development of RTK inhibitors for cancer treatment. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The compound is typically administered orally or via injection in preclinical studies.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for Oxindole involve measuring its effects on receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). RTK activity is assessed using kinase activity assays with appropriate substrates. The compound's inhibition of RTKs is evaluated. For anti-inflammatory studies, COX or LOX inhibition may be assessed. Antimicrobial activity is assessed by MIC determination against bacteria and fungi. Assays are performed in appropriate buffer systems with positive controls such as known RTK inhibitors.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Oxindole are conducted in cancer cell lines, immune cells, and bacterial cultures. Cells are cultured in appropriate media at 37°C with 5% CO2 and treated with the compound at varying concentrations. Cell viability is assessed by MTT or CCK-8 assays. RTK inhibition is confirmed by measuring phosphorylation of downstream targets. Anti-inflammatory activity is assessed by measuring cytokine production. Antimicrobial activity is assessed by measuring growth inhibition. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive and negative controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
Oxindole in vivo studies are conducted in animal models of cancer, inflammation, and infection. Tumor-bearing mice are treated with Oxindole or Oxindole-based compounds via oral administration or injection. Tumor growth is monitored by caliper measurements. For anti-inflammatory studies, animal models of inflammation are used. For antimicrobial studies, animal models of infection are used. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for histopathological and biomarker analysis at study endpoints. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Oxyindole is a known human indole metabolite. Oxindole (MW 133.15 g/mol, C8H7NO) is an aromatic heterocycle. It is also known as 2-Indolinone and 2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-one. The compound appears as a beige to yellowish-orange or pinkish-brown powder with a melting point of 128°C and a boiling point of 227°C. It is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and DMSO. Oxindole is used in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Oxindole is generally well-tolerated in preclinical studies. The compound is a versatile heterocyclic scaffold with established safety profiles. Its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities have been demonstrated with acceptable safety profiles. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Indolin-2-one is an indolinone with an oxygen group at the 2-position. It is an indolinone and a γ-lactam. Oxindole has been reported in Penicillium and available data are available.
Oxindole (2-Indolinone) is an aromatic heterocycle and versatile starting material for the synthesis of anticancer, antibacterial, and antidiabetic agents, enzyme inhibitors, and channel blockers. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. The Oxindole scaffold is used in RTK inhibitors such as SU4984 and intedanib. Its molecular formula is C8H7NO with a molecular weight of 133.15 g/mol. All applications are limited to non-human research use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8H7NO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
133.1473
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| Exact Mass |
133.052
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| CAS # |
59-48-3
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| PubChem CID |
321710
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
312.8±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
123-128 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
190.0±18.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.640
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| LogP |
0.61
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
155
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
JYGFTBXVXVMTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H7NO/c10-8-5-6-3-1-2-4-7(6)9-8/h1-4H,5H2,(H,9,10)
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| Chemical Name |
1,3-dihydroindol-2-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~375.52 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.78 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.78 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.78 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.5103 mL | 37.5516 mL | 75.1033 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5021 mL | 7.5103 mL | 15.0207 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7510 mL | 3.7552 mL | 7.5103 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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