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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Orcinol does not have a specific pharmacological target, as it is primarily a chemical reagent and natural product. However, orcinol glucoside has been studied for its anxiolytic effects. It improves depressive behavior in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats by downregulating HPA axis hyperactivity and increasing BDNF expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a key regulator of neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and mood regulation. ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases) are involved in cell signaling pathways that regulate gene expression and neuronal function. Orcinol's phenolic structure enables it to participate in redox reactions and interact with various biological targets.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, orcinol is primarily used as an analytical reagent for the detection and quantification of pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose, and diastase. It is a phenolic compound found in many lichen species. The compound's chemical properties make it useful in various analytical and research applications. Orcinol glucoside, a derivative, has been studied for its anxiolytic effects without sedative effects. In vitro studies may assess the compound's antioxidant activity or its effects on neuronal cells. However, orcinol is not a drug and is not used for therapeutic purposes.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, orcinol glucoside has been studied for its anxiolytic effects in animal models. It improves depressive behavior in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats by downregulating HPA axis hyperactivity and increasing BDNF expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus. This suggests potential applications in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. However, orcinol itself is not used therapeutically. It is primarily used as an analytical reagent and as a natural product for research purposes. Further studies are needed to fully establish the in vivo efficacy and safety of orcinol and its derivatives.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding (non-cellular) assays for orcinol are not standard pharmacological assays, as the compound is primarily a chemical reagent. However, the compound may be used in biochemical assays as a reagent for the detection of sugars or lignin. The Bial's orcinol test is a colorimetric assay for the detection of pentoses, where orcinol reacts with pentoses in the presence of hydrochloric acid and ferric chloride to produce a green color. This reaction is based on the formation of furfural derivatives from pentoses, which then condense with orcinol to form colored products. These assays are used in analytical chemistry and biochemistry for the quantification of carbohydrates.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular experiments with orcinol are not typically performed for pharmacological evaluation, as the compound is primarily a chemical reagent. However, cellular assays may be conducted to study the effects of orcinol or its derivatives on neuronal cells or other cell types. For example, orcinol glucoside's anxiolytic effects have been studied in cellular models of stress or depression. Neuronal cells are cultured in appropriate media and treated with varying concentrations of the compound. Cell viability, neuronal survival, and signaling pathways (e.g., ERK1/2 phosphorylation, BDNF expression) may be assessed using biochemical assays. These experiments help characterize the compound's potential neuroprotective or anxiolytic effects.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with orcinol glucoside have been conducted in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat models of depression. Rats are subjected to a series of mild stressors over several weeks to induce depressive-like behavior. Orcinol glucoside is administered via oral or intraperitoneal routes at various doses. Efficacy is assessed by measuring depressive-like behavior using the sucrose preference test, forced swim test, and open field test. Biochemical markers such as HPA axis activity (corticosterone levels), BDNF expression, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus are measured. The compound improves depressive behavior by downregulating HPA axis hyperactivity and increasing BDNF expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of orcinol are not extensively characterized. The compound has molecular formula C₇H₈O₂ and molecular weight 124.14. It appears as a pink-grey to pink-brown crystalline powder or crystals with a melting point of 106-112°C. The compound is found in many lichen species and is soluble in organic solvents. As a small phenolic compound, it is expected to be well-absorbed and metabolized by conjugation reactions (glucuronidation, sulfation). Storage: store in a cool, dry place. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters including half-life, clearance, and bioavailability require further investigation from primary research publications.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological information for orcinol is not extensively detailed in the available literature. The compound is a naturally occurring phenolic compound found in many lichen species and is used as an analytical reagent. As a phenolic compound, it may cause skin or eye irritation at high concentrations. Standard safety precautions for handling chemicals apply, including use of personal protective equipment (gloves, safety goggles, lab coat) and working in a well-ventilated area. The compound is for research use only and is not approved for clinical use.
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| Additional Infomation |
Orcinol is a 5-alkylOrcinol, where the alkyl group is explicitly defined as methyl. It is a metabolite of Aspergillus. It is a 5-alkylOrcinol and dihydroxytoluene. Orcinol has been reported to be found in Fusarium graminearum, rhododendrons, and other organisms with relevant data.
Orcinol (CAS 504-15-4) is a phenolic compound with molecular formula C₇H₈O₂ and molecular weight 124.14. It appears as a pink-grey to pink-brown crystalline powder or crystals with a melting point of 106-112°C. Orcinol is found in many lichen species and is an analytical reagent for pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose, and diastase. Orcinol glucoside is an anxiolytic agent without sedative effects that improves depressive behavior in CUMS rats by downregulating HPA axis hyperactivity and increasing BDNF expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus. The compound can be obtained by fusing extract of aloes with potash, followed by acidification. Storage: store in a cool, dry place. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H8O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
124.1372
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| Exact Mass |
124.052
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| CAS # |
504-15-4
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| PubChem CID |
10436
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
290.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
106-112 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
128.5±13.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.595
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| LogP |
1.22
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
9
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| Complexity |
82.9
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
OIPPWFOQEKKFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H8O2/c1-5-2-6(8)4-7(9)3-5/h2-4,8-9H,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~805.54 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (20.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (20.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (20.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.0554 mL | 40.2771 mL | 80.5542 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6111 mL | 8.0554 mL | 16.1108 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8055 mL | 4.0277 mL | 8.0554 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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