| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
- Autophagy-related proteins, including mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), Beclin-1, and LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) [1]
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
1. In PC-12 cells (rat pheochromocytoma cells) treated with Onjisaponin B at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 μM for 24 hours: Western blot analysis showed a concentration-dependent increase in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (a marker of autophagosome formation) and a decrease in p62 protein levels (a marker of autophagic degradation), indicating enhanced autophagy [1]
2. In PC-12 cells overexpressing mutant α-synuclein (A53T) or mutant huntingtin (Htt-Q74): Treatment with 5 μM Onjisaponin B for 24 hours significantly reduced the protein levels of mutant α-synuclein and Htt-Q74 (detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence), with the degradation effect blocked by chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor that inhibits lysosomal function), confirming autophagy-mediated degradation [1] 3. In PC-12 cells: Onjisaponin B (5 μM, 24 hours) inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR (p-mTOR) and its downstream substrates p-p70S6K and p-4EBP1 (detected by Western blot), indicating that the autophagy-enhancing effect is mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway [1] 4. In PC-12 cells treated with Onjisaponin B (5 μM) combined with CQ (10 μM): The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio was further increased compared to Onjisaponin B alone, confirming that Onjisaponin B promotes complete autophagic flux (autophagosome formation and subsequent lysosomal degradation) rather than blocking autophagosome clearance [1] |
| Cell Assay |
1. PC-12 cell culture and drug treatment: PC-12 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum and antibiotics. Cells were seeded in culture plates and allowed to adhere overnight. For autophagy detection, cells were treated with Onjisaponin B at 1, 5, 10 μM for 24 hours; for autophagy flux detection, cells were co-treated with 5 μM Onjisaponin B and 10 μM chloroquine (CQ) for 24 hours. For mutant protein degradation experiments, PC-12 cells stably overexpressing A53T α-synuclein or Htt-Q74 were treated with 5 μM Onjisaponin B for 24 hours [1]
2. Western blot assay: After drug treatment, PC-12 cells were lysed with RIPA buffer containing protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Protein concentrations were determined, and equal amounts of protein were separated by SDS-PAGE, then transferred to PVDF membranes. Membranes were blocked with non-fat milk, incubated with primary antibodies (against LC3, p62, mTOR, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K, p-4EBP1, α-synuclein, huntingtin, or β-actin) and secondary antibodies, then visualized using chemiluminescence. Band intensities were quantified using image analysis software, with β-actin as the loading control [1] 3. Immunofluorescence assay: PC-12 cells overexpressing A53T α-synuclein or Htt-Q74 were seeded on coverslips, treated with 5 μM Onjisaponin B for 24 hours, then fixed with paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with Triton X-100, and blocked with BSA. Cells were incubated with primary antibodies against α-synuclein or huntingtin, followed by fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Fluorescence signals were observed under a confocal microscope, and the number of mutant protein aggregates per cell was quantified [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Senegin III is a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Polygala senega var. latifolia, which has been shown to have hypoglycemic activity. It is both a hypoglycemic agent and a plant metabolite. Senegin III is a cinnamic acid ester, a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound and a triterpenoid saponin. It is functionally related to 4-methoxycinnamic acid. It is derived from the hydride of oleanane. Senegin III has been reported to be found in Polygala tenuifolia, Polygala fallax and other organisms with relevant data. Onjisaponin B is a saponin compound isolated from the root of Radix Polygalae, a commonly used Chinese medicine used to treat nervous system diseases [1].
Onjisaponin B accelerates the degradation of mutant α-synuclein and huntingtin through a mechanism involving the activation of autophagy via inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway. Since the aberrant aggregation of mutant α-synuclein and huntingtin is associated with Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, respectively, Onjisaponin B may have potential therapeutic value for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by protein aggregation [1]. |
| Molecular Formula |
C75H112O35
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1573.6708
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| Exact Mass |
1572.698
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| CAS # |
35906-36-6
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| PubChem CID |
21669942
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.656
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| LogP |
1.78
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
18
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
35
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
22
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
110
|
| Complexity |
3230
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
39
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| SMILES |
C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]2O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O3)C)O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO4)O[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@H](O5)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)OC(=O)[C@@]67CC[C@@]8(C(=CC[C@H]9[C@]8(CC[C@@H]1[C@@]9(C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@]1(C)C(=O)O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O)O)C)C)[C@@H]6CC(CC7)(C)C)CO)C)OC(=O)/C=C/C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
QSTBHNPMHXYCII-KJCIHCEPSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C75H112O35/c1-30-44(81)48(85)53(90)63(99-30)107-59-58(105-43(80)17-12-33-10-13-34(97-9)14-11-33)32(3)101-67(60(59)108-64-56(93)51(88)57(31(2)100-64)106-62-52(89)47(84)40(28-98-62)104-65-54(91)49(86)45(82)38(26-76)102-65)110-69(96)74-21-20-70(4,5)24-36(74)35-15-16-41-71(6)25-37(79)61(109-66-55(92)50(87)46(83)39(27-77)103-66)73(8,68(94)95)42(71)18-19-72(41,7)75(35,29-78)23-22-74/h10-15,17,30-32,36-42,44-67,76-79,81-93H,16,18-29H2,1-9H3,(H,94,95)/b17-12+/t30-,31-,32+,36-,37-,38+,39+,40+,41+,42+,44-,45-,46+,47-,48+,49-,50-,51-,52+,53+,54+,55+,56+,57-,58-,59-,60+,61-,62-,63-,64-,65-,66-,67-,71+,72+,73-,74-,75-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-6-methyl-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~63.55 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (1.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.6355 mL | 3.1773 mL | 6.3546 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1271 mL | 0.6355 mL | 1.2709 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0635 mL | 0.3177 mL | 0.6355 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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