| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| ln Vitro |
Nystose was hydrolyzed by yeast β-fructosidase (invertase) at about 5% of the rate observed with sucrose.
Thin-layer chromatography and enzymatic analysis of the hydrolysis products indicated that the terminal fructose moiety was cleaved first, with kestose and sucrose appearing as intermediates before complete hydrolysis to fructose and glucose. Nystose was not a substrate for glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans (#620), showing less than 3% of the activity compared to sucrose, and did not inhibit the enzyme's activity on sucrose. Anaerobic fermentation by S. mutans NCTC 10449 produced protons from nystose at an initial rate of 18 nmol H⁺/min, which was about half the rate observed with sucrose (33 nmol H⁺/min). The main fermentation products were lactic and acetic acid in a molar ratio near 1:2, similar to sucrose. Anaerobic fermentation by mixed human dental plaque microorganisms produced acid from nystose at a rate about 17-33% of that observed with sucrose, and it took 9 minutes to reach the critical pH of 5.7 compared to 2 minutes for sucrose. Human jejunal mucosa homogenate did not hydrolyze nystose to any appreciable extent (<0.1% cleavage under conditions that hydrolyzed maltose, sucrose, and Palatinose). Rat cecal microflora fermented nystose anaerobically into acids at a rate about 60% of that observed with sucrose. [1] |
|---|---|
| Enzyme Assay |
Yeast Invertase (β-Fructosidase) Assay: Nystose (30 mM final concentration) was incubated with yeast invertase at pH 4.6 and 25°C. Aliquots were taken at various times, and the reaction was stopped by adding Tris-HCl and heating. The release of free glucose and fructose was quantified enzymatically using test kits based on the hexokinase principle.
Glucosyltransferase Assay: A semi-purified glucosyltransferase from S. mutans #620 was incubated with nystose (20 mM and 50 mM). The release of fructose and glucose was continuously assayed enzymatically in a spectrophotometer. The difference between fructose and glucose readings was taken as the amount of glucose polymerized into glucan. [1] |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Nisterose cannot be hydrolyzed by carbohydrates in human jejunal mucosa homogenate, indicating that it is not digested in the small intestine.
Nisterose can be rapidly fermented into acids (mainly volatile fatty acids) by rat cecal microbiota, indicating that it can reach the large intestine intact and be metabolized by intestinal bacteria. [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Nystose is an oligosaccharide. It has been reported that burdock, dandelion and other organisms with relevant data contain Nystose. Nystose is a fructooligosaccharide (tetrasaccharide) consisting of two fructose molecules linked to the fructose moiety of sucrose via a β(1→2) glycosidic bond. It belongs to the neosaccharide family. Due to its poor digestibility in the small intestine, it was once considered a non-nutritive or low-energy sugar substitute and a potential filler sweetener for diabetics. Based on its fermentability by caries-associated oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and mixed plaque), this study concluded that Nystose has a clear cariogenic potential and is not suitable as a sucrose substitute for caries prevention. Its energy value is considered to be lower than that of fully digestible carbohydrates, but needs to be accurately determined by direct calorimetry. Its nutritional value and safety, especially its potential laxative effect, need further evaluation. [1]
|
| Molecular Formula |
C24H42O21
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
666.57768
|
| Exact Mass |
666.221
|
| CAS # |
13133-07-8
|
| PubChem CID |
166775
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.84±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1075.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
130-133 ºC
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| Flash Point |
604.3±34.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.694
|
| LogP |
-1.76
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
14
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
21
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
45
|
| Complexity |
964
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
17
|
| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)O[C@]2([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)CO[C@]3([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)CO[C@]4([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
FLDFNEBHEXLZRX-DLQNOBSRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H42O21/c25-1-8-12(30)16(34)17(35)21(41-8)45-24(20(38)15(33)11(4-28)44-24)7-40-23(19(37)14(32)10(3-27)43-23)6-39-22(5-29)18(36)13(31)9(2-26)42-22/h8-21,25-38H,1-7H2/t8-,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15-,16+,17-,18+,19+,20+,21-,22-,23-,24+/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~150.02 mM)
H2O : ~83.33 mg/mL (~125.01 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.75 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (150.02 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5002 mL | 7.5010 mL | 15.0020 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3000 mL | 1.5002 mL | 3.0004 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1500 mL | 0.7501 mL | 1.5002 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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