| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg | |||
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| Targets |
Norcholic acid is a bile acid that interacts with the farnesol X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor that regulates bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism. By modulating FXR, norcholic acid promotes tumor progression and immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma. Bile acids, including norcholic acid, also interact with gut microbiota and play a role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats and cholesterol. Norcholic acid's four side chain structure distinguishes it from other bile acids and contributes to its unique biological properties.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, norcholic acid has been shown to promote tumor progression and immune escape by modulating FXR. The compound's activity is assessed in cell-based assays measuring cell proliferation, migration, and immune cell function. Norcholic acid's ability to modulate FXR makes it a valuable tool for studying bile acid signaling and its role in cancer and metabolic diseases.
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| ln Vivo |
Norcholic Acid (6.4 g/L; wall; 24 hours) demonstrates that an average of 40% of the variation may be retrieved from the matrix within the first 24 hours [1]. Norcholic Acid is effectively absorbed from the destruction and promptly eliminated
In vivo, norcholic acid is efficiently absorbed from the intestine and rapidly secreted into the bile. The compound can become prominent in the urine of patients with liver cirrhosis or cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Norcholic acid's role in promoting tumor progression and immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma suggests that it may be a biomarker or therapeutic target in liver cancer. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Norcholic acid's activity is assessed using cell-based assays. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of norcholic acid; FXR activation is assessed by reporter gene assays or by measuring the expression of FXR target genes (e.g., SHP, BSEP) by qPCR; cell proliferation is assessed by MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays; immune cell function is assessed by measuring cytokine production and immune cell infiltration. These assays provide mechanistic insights into the activity of norcholic acid.
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| Cell Assay |
Norcholic acid is tested on cultured hepatocytes, cancer cells, and immune cells. Cells are treated with varying concentrations of norcholic acid; FXR activation is assessed by reporter gene assays or qPCR; cell proliferation is assessed by MTT or CellTiter-Glo; apoptosis is assessed by Annexin V staining; immune cell function is assessed by measuring cytokine production and T cell proliferation. These cell-based assays demonstrate the biological activity of norcholic acid.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Wistar rat (100~150g)
Doses: 6.4 g/L Route of Administration: Po Experimental Results: demonstrated that an average of 40% of the administered radioactivity was recovered from the feces during processing Recycle. The first 24 hrs (hrs (hours)). Norcholic acid has been studied in animal models of liver disease and cancer. In these models, norcholic acid levels are measured in bile, urine, and plasma; the compound's effects on tumor growth, immune response, and bile acid metabolism are assessed. Norcholic acid's role as a biomarker in liver cirrhosis and CTX has been studied in patient samples. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that norcholic acid is efficiently absorbed from the intestine and rapidly secreted into the bile. The compound is not excreted into urine in significant amounts. Norcholic acid's pharmacokinetic properties are consistent with those of other bile acids.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of norcholic acid is not extensively characterized in the available literature. As a bile acid, norcholic acid is a normal constituent of human metabolism and is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, elevated levels of norcholic acid in certain pathological conditions may contribute to disease progression.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Norcholic acid is a type of bile acid.
Norcholic acid is a normal minor C23 bile acid found in human urine and meconium. The compound can become prominent under pathological conditions including liver cirrhosis and cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Norcholic acid is efficiently absorbed from the intestine and rapidly secreted into the bile. The compound promotes tumor progression and immune escape by modulating the farnesol X receptor in hepatocellular carcinoma. Norcholic acid is used as a research tool for studying bile acid metabolism, liver function, and cancer biology. The compound is not approved as a therapeutic agent and is used for research purposes only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C23H38O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
394.54500
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| Exact Mass |
394.272
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| CAS # |
60696-62-0
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| PubChem CID |
158738
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
3.058
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
622
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
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| SMILES |
C[C@H](CC(=O)O)[C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1([C@H](C[C@H]3[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@H]4[C@@]3(CC[C@H](C4)O)C)O)O)C
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| InChi Key |
SHUYNJFEXPRUGR-RTCCEZQESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C23H38O5/c1-12(8-20(27)28)15-4-5-16-21-17(11-19(26)23(15,16)3)22(2)7-6-14(24)9-13(22)10-18(21)25/h12-19,21,24-26H,4-11H2,1-3H3,(H,27,28)/t12-,13+,14-,15-,16+,17+,18-,19+,21+,22+,23-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3R)-3-[(3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]butanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~253.46 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5345 mL | 12.6727 mL | 25.3453 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5069 mL | 2.5345 mL | 5.0691 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2535 mL | 1.2673 mL | 2.5345 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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