| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
|
||
| 500mg |
|
||
| 1g | |||
| 2g | |||
| 5g | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Nifursol targets Histomonas meleagridis, the protozoan parasite that causes histomoniasis (blackhead disease) in poultry. As a nitrofuran antibiotic, its mechanism likely involves the generation of reactive intermediates that damage microbial DNA and proteins. It inhibits the growth of the parasite but does not kill it. The compound is used prophylactically in poultry feed.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Nifursol inhibits the growth of Histomonas meleagridis in culture. Its activity is assessed by measuring parasite growth inhibition. The compound also has antibacterial activity against various pathogens. Detailed in vitro data are available in veterinary microbiology literature. The compound is used as a reference antibiotic in some studies.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Nifursol is administered orally to poultry as a feed additive for the prevention of histomoniasis. It is widely used in turkey production to prevent blackhead disease. The compound is rapidly metabolized to DNSAH, which persists in tissues. It has been studied for the treatment of Salmonella-infected poultry. Its use is regulated due to food safety concerns.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro antimicrobial assays for Nifursol typically involve broth microdilution or agar dilution methods against Histomonas meleagridis or bacterial strains. The compound is dissolved in DMSO or appropriate solvent and serially diluted in growth medium. Cultures are inoculated and incubated at appropriate conditions. Growth inhibition is assessed by optical density or colony counting. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is determined. Controls include vehicle and reference antibiotics. Assays are performed in duplicate or triplicate.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cell-based studies for Nifursol are limited, as the compound is primarily used in veterinary medicine. In vitro cytotoxicity may be assessed using mammalian cell lines (e.g., hepatocytes) to evaluate safety. Cells are cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS and treated with Nifursol at various concentrations for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is assessed by MTT or LDH release assays. Genotoxicity may be assessed using standard assays.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo, Nifursol is typically administered to poultry via feed at specified concentrations. Efficacy is assessed by reduction in histomoniasis incidence or mortality. Tissue residues of DNSAH are monitored for food safety. In vivo cytogenetics assays have been performed in rats using oral gavage at 10,000 mg/kg. All procedures follow veterinary and regulatory guidelines.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Nifursol (C₁₂H₇N₅O₉, MW ~365) is a nitrofuran antibiotic. It is orally active in animals. The compound is rapidly metabolized to DNSAH, which persists in tissues. This persistence has led to regulatory restrictions on its use in food-producing animals. Pharmacokinetic properties have been characterized in veterinary pharmacology studies.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Nifursol has been evaluated for toxicity in veterinary studies. In vivo cytogenetics assays have been performed in rats using a single oral gavage dose of 10,000 mg/kg (maximum tolerated dose). Due to concerns about nitrofuran metabolites and food safety, its use is regulated. The compound is for veterinary use only and not for human consumption.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
Nifursol is a dinitrophenol, nitrofuran antibiotic, and carbazide.
Nifursol is a veterinary antibiotic used for the prevention of histomoniasis (blackhead disease) in poultry, particularly turkeys. It is a nitrofuran antibiotic that inhibits Histomonas meleagridis growth. The compound is used as a feed additive. Its use is regulated due to food safety concerns. It is available from veterinary pharmaceutical suppliers. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H7N5O9
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
365.21
|
| Exact Mass |
365.024
|
| Elemental Analysis |
C, 39.47; H, 1.93; N, 19.18; O, 39.43
|
| CAS # |
16915-70-1
|
| Related CAS # |
Nifursol-13C6
|
| PubChem CID |
9570327
|
| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.87 g/cm3
|
| Melting Point |
215-220ºC (dec.)
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.742
|
| LogP |
3.434
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
26
|
| Complexity |
610
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O=C(N/N=C/C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1)C2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C2O
|
| InChi Key |
XXUXXCZCUGIGPP-WLRTZDKTSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H7N5O9/c18-11-8(3-6(15(20)21)4-9(11)16(22)23)12(19)14-13-5-7-1-2-10(26-7)17(24)25/h1-5,18H,(H,14,19)/b13-5+
|
| Chemical Name |
(E)-2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitro-N'-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide
|
| Synonyms |
Histomon; Nifursol; Salfuride
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~136.91 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7382 mL | 13.6908 mL | 27.3815 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5476 mL | 2.7382 mL | 5.4763 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2738 mL | 1.3691 mL | 2.7382 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
