| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg | |||
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| Targets |
Nepitrin targets various cellular pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Flavonoids like nepitrin are known to modulate multiple signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2. By inhibiting NF-κB activation, nepitrin reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Its antioxidant activity is attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals and upregulate endogenous antioxidant defenses.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, nepitrin exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Its ability to scavenge free radicals has been demonstrated using standard cell-free assays such as DPPH and ABTS. The compound reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in various cell types. Its hepatoprotective effects have been observed in cellular models of liver injury. These activities have been characterized in various in vitro systems.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, nepitrin has demonstrated hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in animal models. The compound has been shown to reduce liver damage in models of chemically induced hepatotoxicity. Its anti-inflammatory effects have been observed in models of inflammation. Its antioxidant properties contribute to its protective effects in vivo. Specific dosing regimens and detailed efficacy data are available in the scientific literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for nepitrin involve measuring its effects on enzymes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Antioxidant activity is assessed using standard cell-free assays such as DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP. Anti-inflammatory activity can be evaluated by measuring inhibition of COX-2 or iNOS. The compound's effects on various enzymes can be assessed using purified enzyme preparations.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for nepitrin involve treating various cell types with the compound to assess its effects on cell viability, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6) is measured by ELISA. Oxidative stress markers are measured using fluorescent probes. Cell viability is measured using MTT or similar assays. These assays characterize the compound's pharmacological activities.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for nepitrin have been conducted in models of hepatotoxicity and inflammation. Animals are treated with nepitrin orally or via injection. Hepatoprotective effects are assessed by measuring serum transaminase levels and liver histopathology. Anti-inflammatory effects are assessed by measuring inflammatory markers and tissue histology. Efficacy endpoints depend on the specific model being studied.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Nepitrin has a molecular weight of 478.40 and a molecular formula of C22H22O12. It is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside. The compound is typically extracted from plant sources and is soluble in organic solvents. It is typically stored under recommended conditions for natural products. Its physical and chemical properties are consistent with flavonoid glycosides.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Specific toxicity data for nepitrin is not extensively reported. As a natural flavonoid, it is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile. However, comprehensive toxicological studies would be required for therapeutic development. Standard safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Nepitrin belongs to the flavonoid and glycoside classes of compounds. It has been reported to be found in cornflower, plantain, and other organisms with relevant data.
Nepitrin is a naturally occurring flavonoid glycoside with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. It is found in various plant species. The compound has been studied for its potential in treating inflammatory and oxidative stress-related diseases. Nepitrin is a research compound with applications in pharmacology and natural product research. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H22O12
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
478.4029
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| Exact Mass |
478.111
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| CAS # |
569-90-4
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| PubChem CID |
120742
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
844.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
252 - 256 °C
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| Flash Point |
294.9±27.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.715
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| LogP |
-0.68
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
12
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
760
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C=C(O2)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O)O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
DMXHXBGUNHLMQO-IWLDQSELSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H22O12/c1-31-21-14(33-22-20(30)19(29)17(27)15(7-23)34-22)6-13-16(18(21)28)11(26)5-12(32-13)8-2-3-9(24)10(25)4-8/h2-6,15,17,19-20,22-25,27-30H,7H2,1H3/t15-,17-,19+,20-,22-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~209.03 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.23 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.23 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0903 mL | 10.4515 mL | 20.9030 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4181 mL | 2.0903 mL | 4.1806 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2090 mL | 1.0452 mL | 2.0903 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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