| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
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| Targets |
Navuridine targets viral polymerases, including viral DNA or RNA polymerases. As a nucleoside analogue, it is incorporated into viral nucleic acids during replication, causing chain termination and inhibition of viral replication. The compound shows activity against various viruses. Its selectivity for viral over host polymerases is an important aspect of its mechanism. Navuridine is used in antiviral research.
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| ln Vitro |
3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine suppresses HIV replication in HIV-1-infected PBMC with a median effective concentration of 0.18-0.46 μM[2]. Infected human T cell lines MT-4 and ATH8, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine reduces HIV-mediated cell damage at a median effective concentration of 0.4 µM [3]. Cells break down 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine in a stepwise manner to produce monophosphate, diphosphate, and triphosphate borrowing materials [3].
In vitro, Navuridine shows antiviral activity against various viruses in cell culture models. The compound inhibits viral replication through incorporation into viral nucleic acids. Its activity has been characterized in antiviral susceptibility assays. Detailed in vitro data are available in the primary literature. Navuridine is a valuable tool for antiviral research. |
| ln Vivo |
The pharmacokinetic properties of 3′-Azido-2′,3′-dideoxyuridine (25–100 mg/kg, intravenous injection or gavage, once) are favorable [3]. 3′-Azido-2′ pharmacokinetic characteristics and 3′-dideoxyuridine effects in male Sprague-Dawley rats [3]. IV (25 mg/kg) IV (100 mg/kg) PO (25 mg/kg) PO (100 mg/kg) Cmax (μg/mL) 9.2±1.9 41±15 Tmax (h) 0.38±0.13 0.63±0.22 AUC (μg/mL*h) 19±1.2 156±7.0 12±0.54 70±13 CLT (L/h/kg) 1.4±0.2 0.70±0.09 CLR (L/h/kg) 0.90±0.27 0.43±0.12 t1/ 2 (h) 0.5±0.0 0.68±0.1 1.0±0.3 1.1±0.4 Vss (L/kg) 0.78±0.26 0.34±0.11 F (%) 60 46
In vivo data for Navuridine are limited in publicly available sources. Based on its in vitro antiviral activity, the compound is expected to be useful for in vivo studies of viral infections. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its in vivo efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile. The compound is a research tool for antiviral applications. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro antiviral assays for Navuridine typically use virus-infected cell cultures. Cells are cultured in appropriate medium and infected with virus. The compound is dissolved in DMSO and diluted in culture medium. Infected cells are treated with Navuridine at various concentrations (0.001-100 μM) for 24-72 hours. Viral replication is assessed by plaque reduction assay, viral RNA/DNA quantification by PCR, or cytopathic effect reduction. EC₅₀ and IC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves. Controls include vehicle and reference antivirals.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, susceptible cell lines are cultured in appropriate medium. Cells are seeded in multi-well plates and infected with virus. Cells are treated with Navuridine at various concentrations for 24-72 hours. Viral replication is assessed by plaque reduction assay, viral nucleic acid quantification, or cytopathic effect reduction. Cell viability is assessed by MTT or CellTiter-Glo. All treatments include vehicle controls and are performed in triplicate.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Adult male SD (SD (Sprague-Dawley)) rat (300-400 g) [3]
Doses: 25, 100 mg/kg Route of Administration: intravenous (iv) (iv)bolus or po (oral gavage) (pharmacokinetic/PK/PK analysis) Experimental Results: 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine at 25 and oral bioavailability estimates at the 100 mg/kg dose averaged 53%. In vivo, Navuridine may be administered to animals for antiviral efficacy studies. The compound is formulated in a suitable vehicle. For viral infection models, animals are infected and treated with Navuridine at various regimens. Endpoints include viral load reduction, survival, and tissue histology. Blood samples are collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. All procedures follow institutional guidelines. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Navuridine (MW 329.31, C₁₃H₁₉N₃O₇) is a nucleoside analogue. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters are not extensively reported in publicly available sources. The compound is typically stored at -20°C. It is for research purposes. Further ADME studies are needed to fully characterize its pharmacokinetic profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Navuridine is for research use only and not intended for human therapeutic applications. Standard safety pharmacology and toxicology studies would be required for therapeutic development. The compound should be handled with standard laboratory safety precautions. Toxicity data are limited in publicly available sources.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Navuridine is a dideoxyuridine HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor associated with zidovudine. Due to its relatively short half-life and low oral bioavailability, Navuridine has not yet been developed into a clinical drug.
Navuridine is a research-grade nucleoside analogue for studying antiviral mechanisms and viral infections. Its primary applications include antiviral research, virology, and drug discovery. The compound is not approved for clinical use. It is commercially available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes only. Its mechanism involves inhibition of viral replication through incorporation into viral nucleic acids. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H11N5O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
253.218
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| Exact Mass |
253.081
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| CAS # |
84472-85-5
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| PubChem CID |
55262
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.357 g/cm
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| Melting Point |
161-163ºC
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| LogP |
-1.12
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
444
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C1[C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]1N2C=CC(=O)NC2=O)CO)N=[N+]=[N-]
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| InChi Key |
ZSNNBSPEFVIUDS-SHYZEUOFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H11N5O4/c10-13-12-5-3-8(18-6(5)4-15)14-2-1-7(16)11-9(14)17/h1-2,5-6,8,15H,3-4H2,(H,11,16,17)/t5-,6+,8+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
1-[(2R,4S,5S)-4-azido-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione
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| Synonyms |
CS-87; AzUrd; AZdU
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~987.32 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.9491 mL | 19.7457 mL | 39.4914 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7898 mL | 3.9491 mL | 7.8983 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3949 mL | 1.9746 mL | 3.9491 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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