| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Nafenopin's molecular mechanism involves its binding to PPARα, which leads to the activation of target genes involved in lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. It lowers the level of triglycerides in plasma, which is attributed to a decreased synthesis of triglycerides in the liver. It can induce oxidative stress in vivo, showing its effects on the liver.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, nafenopin acts as a PPARα agonist. It is used as a tool compound to study the mechanisms of PPARα signaling. Its effects on lipid metabolism and gene expression have been characterized in various cell culture models.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, nafenopin is a peroxisome proliferator that promotes liver tumors. It has been used as an antihyperlipoproteinemic agent for managing elevated lipid levels. It exerts its hypolipidemic effects by altering lipid metabolism and promoting the breakdown of fatty acids in the liver.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro receptor binding assays for nafenopin typically measure its ability to bind to PPARα. Radiolabeled PPARα ligands are displaced by increasing concentrations of the compound to determine binding affinity. Functional assays measure the compound's ability to activate PPARα-mediated transcription using reporter gene assays.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for nafenopin involve treating cells with the compound and measuring PPARα-mediated gene expression. The compound's ability to activate the transcription of target genes involved in lipid metabolism is assessed. Its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis are also evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for nafenopin are conducted in models of hyperlipidemia and liver carcinogenesis. The compound is administered orally, and its effects on serum lipid levels, liver weight, and tumor incidence are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Nafenopin has a molecular weight of 310.39 and a molecular formula of C20H22O3. It is typically dissolved in DMSO for in vitro experiments. For in vivo administration, it can be formulated using suitable vehicles.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Nafenopin is a peroxisome proliferator that can cause liver tumors in rodents. It should be handled with caution in laboratory settings. Its use is limited to research applications.
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| References |
: Henderson CJ, Cameron AR, Chatham L, Stanley LA, Wolf CR. Evidence that the capacity of nongenotoxic carcinogens to induce oxidative stress is subject to marked variability. Toxicol Sci. 2015 May;145(1):138-48. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv039. Epub 2015 Feb 17. PubMed PMID: 25690736; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4833039.
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| Additional Infomation |
According to an independent committee of scientific and health experts, Nafenopin may be carcinogenic. Crystals. (NTP, 1992) 2-Methyl-2-[4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl-1-yl)phenoxy]propionic acid is a monocarboxylic acid, formed by converting the tertiary hydroxyl group of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionic acid to the corresponding p-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl-1-yl)phenyl ether. It is an aromatic ether and a monocarboxylic acid. Peroxisome proliferator, used in experiments to promote the growth of liver tumors. It has also been used as an anti-hyperlipoproteinemia drug.
Nafenopin (Melipan, SU-13 437) is a hypolipidemic agent and a potent PPARα agonist. It is a peroxisome proliferator that promotes liver tumors. It has been used as an antihyperlipoproteinemic agent. It is a valuable research tool for studying PPARα signaling and lipid metabolism. |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H22O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
310.39
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| Exact Mass |
310.157
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| CAS # |
3771-19-5
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| Related CAS # |
3771-19-5;
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| PubChem CID |
19592
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid
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| Density |
1.155g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
466.4ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
243 to 244 °F (NTP, 1992)
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| Flash Point |
164.4ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.581
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| LogP |
4.396
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
409
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(C)(C(=O)O)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2CCCC3=CC=CC=C32
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| InChi Key |
XJGBDJOMWKAZJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C20H22O3/c1-20(2,19(21)22)23-16-12-10-15(11-13-16)18-9-5-7-14-6-3-4-8-17(14)18/h3-4,6,8,10-13,18H,5,7,9H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22)
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| Chemical Name |
2-methyl-2-(4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)phenoxy)propanoic acid 2-Methyl-2-(4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)phenoxy)propanoic acid 2-Methyl-2-(p-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)phenoxy)propionic acid alpha-Methyl-alpha-(p-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphth-1-ylphenoxy)propionic acid BRN 2005820 C 13437 SU
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| Synonyms |
Nafenopin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~100 mg/mL (~322.2 mM; with ultrasonication)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix well; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 and mix well; finally add 450 μL of physiological saline and adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD saline and mix well. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.05 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL of corn oil and mix well. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2218 mL | 16.1088 mL | 32.2175 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6444 mL | 3.2218 mL | 6.4435 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3222 mL | 1.6109 mL | 3.2218 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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