| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
ML171 targets NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), a member of the Nox family of enzymes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). It acts as a selective inhibitor, blocking Nox1-dependent ROS production. It is highly selective for Nox1 over other Nox isoforms.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
It has been demonstrated that Nox1-dependent ROS generation is essential for cell signaling, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, exercise, and blood pressure regulation. In HT29 cells, ML171 significantly inhibits the formation of ROS (IC50=0.129 μM). Nox1-dependent ROS production in the HEK293 cell system is dependent on higher overexpression of Nox1, which can only be achieved by overexpressing Nox1 in response to ML171 treatment. Every ingredient is rebuilt. When ROS production is assessed using carboxy-H2-DCFDA staining with DPI as a positive control, ML171 efficiently inhibits it. In comparison to the parent drug, ML171 demonstrated greater effectiveness in inhibiting Nox1-dependent ROS generation in the HEK293-Nox1 recombinant cell system [1].
In vitro, ML171 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Nox1, with an IC₅₀ of 0.25 μM in HEK293-Nox1 cells and 0.129 μM in HT29 cells. It effectively blocks Nox1-dependent ROS generation. Its high selectivity makes it a valuable tool for dissecting the specific role of Nox1 in cellular signaling. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, ML171 can be used to study the role of Nox1 in disease models. By inhibiting Nox1, it can help elucidate the contribution of Nox1-derived ROS to various pathological conditions, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. However, specific in vivo data are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell enzyme assays for ML171 are not standard, as Nox1 is a membrane-bound enzyme complex. Its activity is typically measured in cell-based assays using specific probes for ROS, such as lucigenin or Amplex Red.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for ML171 use cell lines that express Nox1 (e.g., HEK293-Nox1, HT29 cells). Cells are treated with the compound, and ROS production is measured using fluorescent or chemiluminescent probes. The IC₅₀ for inhibition of ROS generation is calculated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for ML171 would employ models of diseases where Nox1 is implicated, such as colitis or cancer. The compound would be administered to the animals, and disease severity, along with markers of oxidative stress, would be assessed to determine the role of Nox1.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
ML171 has a molecular weight of 241.31 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₁₄H₁₁NOS. It is a cell-permeable compound. It is soluble in DMSO. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters, such as oral bioavailability and half-life, have not been extensively characterized.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of ML171 has not been fully characterized. As a potent inhibitor of ROS generation, it is expected to have significant biological effects. However, its selectivity for Nox1 suggests it may have a more favorable safety profile than non-selective antioxidants.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-(10H-phenothiazine-2-yl)acetone is a member of the phenothiazine class of compounds.
ML171 is a potent and selective inhibitor of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), used as a research tool to study the role of Nox1 in cellular signaling and disease. It is also known as 2-Acetylphenothiazine (2-APT). Not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H11NOS
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
241.3082
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| Exact Mass |
241.056
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| CAS # |
6631-94-3
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| PubChem CID |
81131
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| Appearance |
Yellow to orange solid powder
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| Density |
1.249 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
455.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
180-185 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
229.4ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.653
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| LogP |
4.235
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
307
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 64 mg/mL (~265.22 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1440 mL | 20.7202 mL | 41.4405 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8288 mL | 4.1440 mL | 8.2881 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4144 mL | 2.0720 mL | 4.1440 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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