| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine targets DNA by acting as a potent alkylating agent. It transfers a methyl group to DNA bases, primarily to guanine, forming O⁶-methylguanine. This DNA adduct is highly mutagenic because it mispairs with thymine during DNA replication, leading to G→A transition mutations. The compound's mutagenic and carcinogenic effects are a direct result of this DNA damage. It is used as a standard mutagen in research to generate mutant cell lines and study DNA repair mechanisms.
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| ln Vitro |
Methylnitrosoguanidine (MNNG, 0-1100 nM; 24 h) exerts toxic and mutagenic effects on three human diploid lymphoblastoid cell lines, MIT-2, WI-L2, and GM 130 [1].
In vitro, Methylnitronitrosoguanidine is widely used as a mutagen to induce genetic mutations in cultured cells. It is used to generate mutant cell lines for research purposes, such as studying gene function or generating cells with specific mutations. Its mutagenic potency is concentration- and time-dependent. The compound's ability to alkylate DNA is the basis for its mutagenic activity. |
| ln Vivo |
Methylnitrosoguanidine (MNNG; 200 mg/kg; po) enhances the number of rises in Wistar albinos [2].
In vivo, Methylnitronitrosoguanidine is a potent carcinogen and mutagen. It is used in animal models to induce tumors and study carcinogenesis. It is also used to study the effects of DNA damage and repair in vivo. Due to its high toxicity, it is not used as a therapeutic agent. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell assays for Methylnitronitrosoguanidine are not standard, as its activity is biological (mutagenesis) rather than enzymatic. Its ability to alkylate DNA can be measured in vitro by incubating it with DNA and analyzing the formation of DNA adducts using techniques like HPLC or mass spectrometry.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Methylnitronitrosoguanidine involve treating cells with the compound and measuring the frequency of mutations that arise. This is often done using a reporter gene assay, such as the HPRT mutation assay or the Ames test, which uses bacteria to detect mutagenicity. The compound's cytotoxicity is also assessed by measuring cell viability.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Wistar albino rat [2]
Doses: 200 mg/kg Route of Administration: po (po (oral gavage)) at 0 Day 14 Experimental Results: The incidence of gastric cancer in Wistar albino rats was 100%. In vivo animal studies for Methylnitronitrosoguanidine are primarily carcinogenicity studies. The compound is administered to animals (often rodents) to induce tumors in specific organs, such as the stomach or colon. These studies are used to study the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and to test potential chemopreventive agents. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Following oral administration of 14C-labeled N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, most of the radioactive material is excreted in the urine within 24 hours, with less than 3% excreted in the feces. Between 24 and 48 hours later, less than 3% of the radioactive material remains in the body as acid-insoluble substances. Metabolism/Metabolites Following oral administration of MNNG, approximately 90% of MNNG is excreted in the urine within the first 9 hours, primarily as N-methyl-N'-nitroguanidine. Evidence suggests that the denitrosation of MNNG is mediated by enzymes in the stomach, liver, and kidneys. Methylnitronitrosoguanidine has a molecular weight of 147.09 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₂H₅N₅O₃. It is a yellow powder. It is sensitive to heat and decomposes above 212°F (100°C). The compound is often stored as a wetted powder (with ca. 50% water) to reduce its explosive hazard. It should be stored in a cool, dark place. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine is an extremely hazardous compound. It is a suspected carcinogen, a potent mutagen, and a toxic agent. It is a skin and eye irritant. It should be handled only in a well-ventilated fume hood with appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. Avoid skin contact and inhalation of vapors. It is not intended for human use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
According to an independent committee of scientific and health experts, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is potentially carcinogenic. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is a yellow powder with a melting point of 244°F (113°C), decomposing above 212°F (100°C). It is a suspected carcinogen and has extremely strong mutagenic properties. Avoid skin contact and inhalation of its vapors. It is usually stored in sealed polyethylene bottles in metal containers, frozen (below 32°F/0°C). Long-term storage may cause decomposition and generate sufficient pressure for an explosion within a sealed container. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is an N-nitroguanidine compound with a nitroso and methyl substituent at the N' position. It is an alkylating agent. It is functionally related to nitroguanidine. A nitrosoguanidine derivative with strong mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.
Mechanism of Action In vitro and in vivo, MNNG induces nucleic acid methylation, primarily producing 7-methylguanine, with minor amounts of 3-methyladenine, 1-methyladenine, 3-methylcytosine, and (6)o-methylguanine. …MNNG can modify proteins by transferring its nitroguanidine residues, for example, converting lysine to nitroarginine. Modified cytochrome C no longer acts as an electron acceptor. After MNNG treatment, histones in ascites tumor cells contain nitroarginine. Methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) is a potent mutagen and carcinogen used in scientific research to induce genetic mutations. It is an alkylating agent that damages DNA. It is not approved for clinical use and is strictly a research chemical. |
| Molecular Formula |
C2H5N5O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
147.0928
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| Exact Mass |
147.039
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| CAS # |
70-25-7
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| PubChem CID |
135436526
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid-liquid Mixture
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
207.8±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
118°C (dec.)
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| Flash Point |
79.5±22.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.2±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.641
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| LogP |
-0.79
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
161
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[O-][N+](N([H])/C(=N/[H])/N(C([H])([H])[H])N=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
VZUNGTLZRAYYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C2H5N5O3/c1-6(5-8)2(3)4-7(9)10/h1H3,(H2,3,4)
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| Chemical Name |
1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product is not stable in solution, please use freshly prepared working solution for optimal results. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~849.82 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.14 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.7986 mL | 33.9928 mL | 67.9856 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3597 mL | 6.7986 mL | 13.5971 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6799 mL | 3.3993 mL | 6.7986 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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