| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
The presence of methyl group facilitates the penetration of methyl nicotinate through the skin with good lipophilicity, allowing rapid absorption following topical administration. _In vitro_, about 80-90% of the polar compounds methyl nicotinate rapidly penetrated the skin. It was demonstrated in excised skin of hairless mice that methyl nicotinate can effectively bypass the stratum corneum layer of the skin. In humans, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were shown to be rapidly absorbed from the stomach and intestine via a sodium carrier-mediated mechanism at low concentrations. Following epicutaneous administration of small radiolabelled dose of methyl nicotinate in human volunteers, approximately 15% of the dose was recovered in the urine within 108 hours after treatment. The excretion of nicotinic acid mainly takes place in the kidneys. According to the animal studies, nicotinic acid is mainly concentrated in the liver, kidneys, and adipose tissue. No pharmacokinetic data available. Metabolism / Metabolites Methyl nicotinate undergoes ester hydrolysis to form nicotinic acid and methanol. The hydrolysis is thought to be mediated by nonspecific α-naphthylacetate-esterase at the dermis layer of the skin. Biological Half-Life _In vitro_, the half-life of methyl nicotinate in the dermis was 3 to 10 minutes. |
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Protein Binding
No pharmacokinetic data available. |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Methyl nicotinate is a member of pyridines and an aromatic carboxylic acid.
Methyl nicotinate is the methyl ester of [DB00627] that is used as an active ingredient as a rubefacient in over-the-counter topical preparations indicated for muscle and joint pain. The action of methyl nicotinate as a rubefacient is thought to involve peripheral vasodilation. For veterinary purposes, methyl nicotinate is used to treat respiratory diseases, vascular disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and muscle and joint pains. Methyl nicotinate has been reported in Daphne odora, Areca catechu, and other organisms with data available. See also: Capsaicin; methyl nicotinate (component of) ... View More ... Drug Indication Indicated for the temporary relief of aches and pains in muscles, tendons, and joints. Mechanism of Action While the mechanism of action of methyl nicotinate and other topically-administered nicotinic acid esters is not clear, it is thought that methyl nicotinate promotes the release of prostaglandin D2 that is strictly locally-acting due to its short half-life. It was demonstrated in human subjects that the local cutaneous vascular response to methyl nicotinic was suppressed by inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis, indicating that the effect of methyl nicotinate on vascular smooth muscles may be mediated by the release of local prostaglandins. Prostaglandins released from the skin and blood vessels induce cutaneous vasodilation. Pharmacodynamics Following topical administration, methyl nicotinate acts as a peripheral vasodilator to enhance local blood flow at the site of application. It induced vasodilation of the peripheral blood capillaries which are located in the dermal papillae of upper dermis layers adjacent to the epidermis–dermis junction. During tissue penetration at the dermis, methyl nicotinate is hydrolyzed to nicotinic acid. In human volunteers, topical administration of methyl nicotinate caused vasodilation-induced generalized cutaneous erythema. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H7NO2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
137.1360
|
| Exact Mass |
137.047
|
| CAS # |
93-60-7
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| Related CAS # |
Methyl nicotinate-d4;345909-99-1
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| PubChem CID |
7151
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
209.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
42-44 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
95.6±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.2±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.511
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| LogP |
0.88
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
10
|
| Complexity |
125
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
YNBADRVTZLEFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H7NO2/c1-10-7(9)6-3-2-4-8-5-6/h2-5H,1H3
|
| Chemical Name |
methyl pyridine-3-carboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~729.18 mM)
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~729.18 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.23 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.23 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.23 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 50 mg/mL (364.59 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.2918 mL | 36.4591 mL | 72.9182 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4584 mL | 7.2918 mL | 14.5836 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7292 mL | 3.6459 mL | 7.2918 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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