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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Menthyl acetate does not have a well-defined pharmacological target. It may act on transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, particularly TRPM8, producing a cooling sensation. It also modulates GABA-A receptors, contributing to mild sedative effects. Its anti-inflammatory activity is mediated through inhibition of COX-2 and NF-κB.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, menthyl acetate shows moderate antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MIC ~ 100 µg/mL. It inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α production in macrophages with an IC50 of 50 µM. It also scavenges DPPH radicals with an IC50 of 200 µM. It has no significant cytotoxicity up to 500 µM.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, menthyl acetate has antispasmodic effects in guinea pig ileum and in a rat model of colitis (100 mg/kg, p.o.), reducing colonic contractions. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse ear edema model (50 mg/kg, topical). Inhaled menthyl acetate produces mild sedation and anxiolytic effects in mice.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro antimicrobial assay is performed by broth microdilution. Menthyl acetate is dissolved in ethanol and diluted in broth. Bacterial inoculum is added, and MIC is determined after 24 h. For anti-inflammatory assays, RAW 264.7 macrophages are treated with menthyl acetate (10-200 µM) and LPS; NO and IL-6 are measured by Griess and ELISA.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, human keratinocytes (HaCaT) are treated with menthyl acetate (1-200 µM) for 24 h, and cell viability is assessed by MTT. For TRPM8 activation, HEK293 cells expressing TRPM8 are treated with menthyl acetate and intracellular calcium is measured by fluorescence.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo anti-inflammatory studies in mice: ICR mice are treated topically with menthyl acetate (5%, 20 µL) on the ear, and then xylene is applied to induce edema. After 1 h, ear thickness is measured. For antispasmodic studies, rats are treated orally with menthyl acetate (50-200 mg/kg) and then subjected to colonic distension to measure pain response.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism/Metabolite As an ester, it is likely to be hydrolyzed in the digestive tract into menthol and acetic acid.
Pharmacokinetic data are limited. After oral administration in rats, menthyl acetate is rapidly hydrolyzed to menthol and acetic acid. The half-life is about 1 h. It is absorbed and distributed to tissues. Excretion is via urine as glucuronides. Bioavailability is high due to rapid absorption. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Menthyl acetate has low toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg in rats). It is not mutagenic. Skin irritation may occur at high concentrations. No significant systemic toxicity is reported. It is approved as a food additive (FEMA 2668) and is considered safe at normal usage levels.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(+/-)-Menthol acetate is a p-menthane monoterpene compound. It has been reported that menthol acetate is present in Canadian peppermint (Mentha canadensis), and relevant data are available for reference.
Menthyl acetate is widely used in mint-flavored products and cosmetics. It has a cooling and refreshing effect. Its therapeutic potential is limited but it is studied for its mild analgesic and antispasmodic properties. No clinical trials have been conducted. It is a common ingredient in over-the-counter topical analgesics. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H22O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
198.30188
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| Exact Mass |
198.161
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| CAS # |
2623-23-6
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| Related CAS # |
(+)-Menthyl acetate;5157-89-1
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| PubChem CID |
27867
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| Appearance |
Colorless to off-white liquid
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
229.1±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
92.2±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.1±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.448
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| LogP |
4.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
199
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(C)C1CC[C@@H](C)CC1OC(=O)C
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| InChi Key |
XHXUANMFYXWVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H22O2/c1-8(2)11-6-5-9(3)7-12(11)14-10(4)13/h8-9,11-12H,5-7H2,1-4H3
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| Chemical Name |
(5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylcyclohexyl) acetate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~504.29 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (12.61 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0429 mL | 25.2143 mL | 50.4286 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0086 mL | 5.0429 mL | 10.0857 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5043 mL | 2.5214 mL | 5.0429 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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