| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10mg |
|
||
| 50mg | |||
| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
m-Tyramine hydrobromide targets adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. As an endogenous trace amine neuromodulator, it affects the function of these receptor systems. Trace amines like m-tyramine are structurally similar to classical monoamine neurotransmitters and can interact with their receptors, transporters, and metabolic enzymes. m-Tyramine may act as a weak agonist at certain adrenergic and dopaminergic receptor subtypes, or it may modulate receptor function through allosteric mechanisms. The compound may also affect the release, reuptake, or metabolism of classical neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Through these mechanisms, m-tyramine can influence a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes, including mood, cognition, motor function, and autonomic regulation.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, m-tyramine hydrobromide is used to study the effects of trace amines on adrenergic and dopaminergic receptor systems. The compound can be added to cell culture systems expressing these receptors to assess its agonist or antagonist activity. Receptor activation can be measured by downstream signaling events such as cAMP accumulation, calcium mobilization, or MAPK phosphorylation. The compound can also be used to study the effects of trace amines on neurotransmitter release and reuptake in synaptosomal preparations or cultured neurons. Additionally, m-tyramine hydrobromide can be used to investigate the role of trace amines in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, m-tyramine hydrobromide has been used to study the effects of trace amines on behavior and physiology. As an endogenous trace amine neuromodulator, m-tyramine plays important roles in the regulation of neurotransmitter systems in the brain. The compound has effects on adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors, suggesting that it may influence a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes. Studies have investigated the role of trace amines in neurological and psychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. The compound's ability to modulate these receptor systems makes it a valuable tool for studying the role of trace amines in these conditions.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular enzyme/receptor binding assays, m-tyramine hydrobromide can be evaluated for affinity to adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors using radioligand binding assays. Competitive binding experiments using [³H]prazosin (α₁), [³H]rauwolscine (α₂), [³H]SCH-23390 (D₁), or [³H]spiperone (D₂) are performed. The inhibition constant (Ki) values are determined. For functional assays, the compound's agonist or antagonist activity can be assessed using cAMP accumulation (for Gs-coupled receptors) or calcium mobilization (for Gq-coupled receptors) assays. The compound's effects on neurotransmitter transporters can be assessed using uptake inhibition assays in synaptosomal preparations.
|
| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, cells expressing adrenergic or dopaminergic receptors are cultured and treated with m-tyramine hydrobromide. Receptor activation is measured by downstream signaling events such as cAMP accumulation, calcium mobilization, or MAPK phosphorylation. For studies on neurotransmitter release, cultured neurons or synaptosomal preparations are used, and neurotransmitter levels are measured by HPLC or LC-MS. Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation can be assessed using standard assays such as MTT or CCK-8.
|
| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, m-tyramine hydrobromide can be administered to animal models to study the effects of trace amines on behavior and physiology. Behavioral assays can be used to assess the effects on mood, cognition, motor function, and other parameters. Neurochemical measurements of neurotransmitter levels can be performed using microdialysis or tissue homogenates. The compound's effects on autonomic function can be assessed by measuring heart rate, blood pressure, and other physiological parameters.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of m-tyramine hydrobromide include a molecular weight of 218.09. The compound is soluble in water and DMSO. Storage conditions should be appropriate for the compound's stability. As a trace amine, m-tyramine is rapidly metabolized by monoamine oxidase (MAO) and other enzymes. The compound has a short half-life in the circulation.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of m-tyramine hydrobromide has not been fully characterized. As an endogenous trace amine, the compound is present in the body at low concentrations and is generally considered safe at physiological levels. However, higher concentrations may cause adverse effects, including cardiovascular and neurological effects. The compound is intended for research use only and is not for human use.
|
| References |
|
| Additional Infomation |
m-Tyramine hydrobromide is an endogenous trace amine neuromodulator. It has effects on adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. As a trace amine, it plays important roles in modulating neurotransmitter systems in the brain. The compound is used in research to study the role of trace amines in neurological and psychiatric disorders. It is also known as 3-(2-aminoethyl)phenol hydrobromide.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C8H11NO.HBR
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
218.09098
|
| Exact Mass |
217.01
|
| CAS # |
38449-59-1
|
| Related CAS # |
m-Tyramine;588-05-6
|
| PubChem CID |
22717856
|
| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
|
| LogP |
2.551
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
11
|
| Complexity |
95.3
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
RAMQGDMHEGTVQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H11NO.BrH/c9-5-4-7-2-1-3-8(10)6-7;/h1-3,6,10H,4-5,9H2;1H
|
| Chemical Name |
3-(2-aminoethyl)phenol;hydrobromide
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~573.16 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.54 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.54 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.54 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.5853 mL | 22.9263 mL | 45.8526 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9171 mL | 4.5853 mL | 9.1705 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4585 mL | 2.2926 mL | 4.5853 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
