| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Lupenone targets multiple molecular targets. It inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC₅₀ of 2.1 μM. It also inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with an IC₅₀ of 13.7 μM, acting as a non-competitive inhibitor. PTP1B is a key regulator of insulin and leptin signaling, making it a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Lupenone stimulates melanogenesis by increasing tyrosinase enzyme expression via the MAPK pathway, specifically through mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The compound modulates multiple cellular signaling pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, lupenone inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC₅₀ of 2.1 μM. It inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) with an IC₅₀ of 13.7 μM, acting as a non-competitive inhibitor. The compound is active against the W2 and D6 strains of Plasmodium falciparum. It also stimulates melanogenesis by increasing tyrosinase enzyme expression. These in vitro activities confirm its diverse pharmacological profile as an antiviral, antidiabetic, and melanogenesis-stimulating agent.
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| ln Vivo |
Detailed in vivo activity data for lupenone are not extensively reported in the available literature. However, its diverse biological activities suggest potential for in vivo efficacy in various disease models. As an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, it could be studied in models of HIV infection. As a PTP1B inhibitor, it could be evaluated in models of diabetes and obesity. Its melanogenesis-stimulating activity suggests potential applications in skin pigmentation disorders. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based enzyme assays for lupenone typically involve HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition assays. The enzyme is incubated with a template-primer (e.g., poly(rA)-oligo(dT)), nucleotides, and varying concentrations of lupenone. Reverse transcriptase activity is measured by quantifying incorporated radiolabeled nucleotides. IC₅₀ values are determined from dose-response curves. PTP1B inhibition assays are performed using purified PTP1B enzyme and a chromogenic substrate (e.g., p-nitrophenyl phosphate). Enzyme activity is measured by monitoring absorbance at 405 nm.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for lupenone are performed using melanocytes to assess melanogenesis stimulation. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations, and melanin content is measured spectrophotometrically. Tyrosinase enzyme activity is assessed by measuring the oxidation of L-DOPA. MAPK pathway activation is evaluated by Western blotting for phosphorylated ERK. For antiviral studies, HIV-infected cell lines are used to assess inhibition of viral replication.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal models for lupenone would be required to assess its therapeutic potential. Based on its mechanism as a PTP1B inhibitor, relevant models could include diet-induced obese (DIO) mice or genetically diabetic (db/db) mice to evaluate effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. For melanogenesis studies, mouse models of skin pigmentation could be used. The compound would be administered via appropriate routes, and efficacy would be assessed by measuring blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, or pigmentation changes.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Lupenone has a molecular weight of 424.72 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₃₀H₄₈O. CAS number is 1617-70-5. The compound is a solid with a melting point of 165-167°C. Purity is ≥98%. It is slightly soluble in DMSO and ethanol, and soluble in DMF at 2 mg/mL. Storage conditions: -20°C. The compound is supplied as a solid for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Detailed toxicological data for lupenone are not extensively reported in the available literature. As a naturally occurring triterpenoid, it is generally considered to have a good safety profile, but thorough toxicological studies would be required for therapeutic development. The compound is intended for research use only and is not for human consumption. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Lupenone is a triterpenoid compound, a metabolite derived from the hydrogenation of Lupenone. It has been reported to exist in Erythrophleum fordii, Codonopsis lanceolata, and other organisms with relevant data.
Lupenone is also known as lup-20(29)-en-3-one and NSC 281807. It is a naturally occurring lupane-type triterpenoid found in various plant species. The compound has diverse biological activities, including inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC₅₀ = 2.1 μM) and inhibition of PTP1B (IC₅₀ = 13.7 μM). It also stimulates melanogenesis by increasing tyrosinase expression via the MAPK pathway. Lupenone is used in research applications studying antiviral, antidiabetic, and skin pigmentation biology. It is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H48O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
424.7015
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| Exact Mass |
424.37
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| CAS # |
1617-70-5
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| PubChem CID |
92158
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
487.9±12.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
165-167ºC
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| Flash Point |
278.4±5.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.510
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| LogP |
10.39
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
31
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| Complexity |
807
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
CC(=C)[C@@H]1CC[C@]2([C@H]1[C@H]3CC[C@@H]4[C@]5(CCC(=O)C([C@@H]5CC[C@]4([C@@]3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C
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| InChi Key |
GRBHNQFQFHLCHO-BHMAJAPKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H48O/c1-19(2)20-11-14-27(5)17-18-29(7)21(25(20)27)9-10-23-28(6)15-13-24(31)26(3,4)22(28)12-16-30(23,29)8/h20-23,25H,1,9-18H2,2-8H3/t20-,21+,22-,23+,25+,27+,28-,29+,30+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(1R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-prop-1-en-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,10,11,11b,12,13,13a,13b-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Ethanol : ~10 mg/mL (~23.55 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1 mg/mL (2.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1 mg/mL (2.35 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix well. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3546 mL | 11.7730 mL | 23.5460 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4709 mL | 2.3546 mL | 4.7092 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2355 mL | 1.1773 mL | 2.3546 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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