| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25g |
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| 50g |
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| 100g |
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| 200g |
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| Other Sizes |
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Purity: ≥98%
Levulinic acid (Laevulinic acid; Levulic acid; NSC 3716) is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is also used as a precursor for pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, and various other additives. The largest application of levulinic acid is its use in the production of aminolevulinic acid, a biodegradable herbicide used in South Asia. Another key application is the use of levulinic acid in cosmetics. Ethyl levulinate, a primary derivative of levulinic acid, is extensively used in fragrances and perfumes. Levulinic acid is a chemical building block or starting material for a wide variety of other compounds including γ-valerolactone and 2-methyl-THF. Levulinic acid, or 4-oxopentanoic acid, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH2CO2H. It is classified as a keto acid. This white crystalline solid is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It is derived from degradation of cellulose and is a potential precursor to biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
| References | |
|---|---|
| Additional Infomation |
4-oxopentanoic acid is an oxopentanoic acid with the oxo group in the 4-position. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and an oxopentanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 4-oxopentanoate.
Levulinic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Levulinic acid has been reported in Dendronephthya hemprichi with data available. See also: ... View More ... |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H8O3
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
116.11522
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| Exact Mass |
116.047
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| CAS # |
123-76-2
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| Related CAS # |
Levulinic acid-d5;1206185-52-5
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| PubChem CID |
11579
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| Appearance |
Colorless to off-white <30°C powder,>33°C liquid
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
242.9±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
30-33 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
137.8±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.435
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| LogP |
-0.49
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
106
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(CCC(O)=O)=O
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| InChi Key |
JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-4(6)2-3-5(7)8/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)
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| Chemical Name |
4-oxopentanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
4-Oxovaleric acid; Laevulinic acid; Levulic acid; NSC 3716; NSC3716; NSC-3716; β-Acetylpropionic acid; γ-Ketovaleric acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~861.18 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (21.53 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.6118 mL | 43.0589 mL | 86.1178 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7224 mL | 8.6118 mL | 17.2236 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8612 mL | 4.3059 mL | 8.6118 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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